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Phosphorylation by casein kinase 2 regulates Nap1 localization and function.

Meredith E K Calvert1, Kristin M Keck, Celeste Ptak

  • 1Center for Cell Signaling, University of Virginia, Box 800577 HSC, Charlottesville, VA 22908, USA.

Molecular and Cellular Biology
|December 19, 2007
PubMed
Summary
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Nucleocytoplasmic shuttling protein Nap1 phosphorylation by casein kinase 2 (CK2) regulates its nuclear import and is crucial for cell cycle progression, particularly S phase. This study identifies CK2 as a key regulator of Nap1 function.

Area of Science:

  • Cell Biology
  • Molecular Biology
  • Biochemistry

Background:

  • Nap1 (Nucleocytoplasmic shuttling protein 1) is an evolutionarily conserved protein in Saccharomyces cerevisiae.
  • Nap1 functions as a cofactor for histone import, a chromatin assembly factor, and a mitotic regulator.
  • Understanding Nap1 regulation is key to elucidating its diverse cellular roles.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To identify factors that regulate Nap1 function.
  • To investigate the role of phosphorylation in Nap1 activity and localization.
  • To determine the impact of Nap1 phosphorylation on cell cycle progression.

Main Methods:

  • Mass spectrometry was used to identify Nap1-interacting proteins.
  • In vivo phosphorylation analysis identified 11 phosphorylation sites on Nap1.

Related Experiment Videos

  • Site-directed mutagenesis and cell cycle analysis were performed to assess the functional impact of phosphorylation.

    • Main Results:

    • Casein kinase 2 (CK2) was identified as a kinase that phosphorylates Nap1 at three specific serine residues.
    • Phosphorylation of these sites by CK2 promotes Nap1 import into the nucleus.
    • Mutations altering these phosphorylation sites led to cell cycle defects, including prolonged S phase.

    Conclusions:

    • Nap1 phosphorylation by CK2 is a critical regulatory mechanism.
    • CK2-mediated phosphorylation controls Nap1's nucleocytoplasmic shuttling and localization.
    • Proper Nap1 phosphorylation is essential for normal cell cycle progression through S phase.