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Cardiopulmonary involvement in pediatric systemic lupus erythematosus: a twenty-year retrospective analysis

Tze-Tien Yeh1, Yao-Hsu Yang, Yu-Tsan Lin

  • 1Department of Pediatrics, Shin Kong Wu Ho-Su Memorial Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan.

Journal of Microbiology, Immunology, and Infection = Wei Mian Yu Gan Ran Za Zhi
|December 19, 2007
PubMed

Insights

Pulmonary and cardiovascular complications are common in childhood-onset systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). Specific indicators at diagnosis, like creatinine levels and anti-dsDNA antibodies, can predict these serious SLE involvements.

Area of Science:

  • Pediatrics
  • Rheumatology
  • Pulmonology
  • Cardiology

Background:

  • Cardiovascular and pulmonary involvement are frequent in systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE).
  • Understanding these complications in childhood-onset SLE is crucial for patient management.
  • This study focuses on the frequency and characteristics of these involvements in pediatric SLE patients.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To analyze the frequency and characteristics of pulmonary and cardiovascular involvement in childhood-onset SLE.
  • To identify potential predictors of these complications in pediatric SLE patients.

Main Methods:

  • Retrospective chart review of children diagnosed with SLE between 1985 and 2004 at a tertiary medical center.
  • Data collected included demographics, diagnostic criteria, initial laboratory results, complications, and follow-up duration.
  • 157 childhood-onset SLE cases were analyzed.

Main Results:

  • Pulmonary involvement was observed in 56.7% of patients, with pneumonia and pleuritis being common.
  • Cardiovascular involvement occurred in 47.8% of patients, including cardiomegaly and pericarditis.
  • Pneumonia requiring hospitalization (36.9%) and cardiomegaly (33.8%) were the most frequent specific findings.

Conclusions:

  • High frequencies of pulmonary and cardiovascular complications were noted in childhood-onset SLE.
  • Elevated creatinine, hematuria, and anemia at diagnosis were associated with cardiovascular complications.
  • Anti-double stranded DNA antibodies at diagnosis were linked to pulmonary complications.
Abstract

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