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Related Experiment Video

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Concurrent Quantification of Cellular and Extracellular Components of Biofilms

Concurrent Quantification of Cellular and Extracellular Components of Biofilms

Published on: December 10, 2013

Child-resistant closures for mouthwash: do they make a difference?

Rita Mrvos¹, Edward P Krenzelok

¹Pittsburgh Poison Center, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Pittsburgh, PA 15203, USA. mrvosr@upmc.edu

Pediatric Emergency Care

|December 20, 2007

Summary

Child-resistant packaging for mouthwash containing ethanol was mandated in 1995. Post-requirement data shows better outcomes in cases with definitive coding, suggesting improved safety for children under six.

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Area of Science:

Public Health
Toxicology
Consumer Product Safety

Background:

The Poison Prevention and Packaging Act of 1970 mandated child-resistant containers (CRCs) for hazardous products.
CRCs for aspirin and oral medications have saved an estimated 700 children's lives.
A 1995 Consumer Product Safety Commission rule required CRCs for mouthwashes with ≥3g ethanol per package.

Purpose of the Study:

To evaluate the effectiveness of the 1995 child-resistant packaging rule for ethanol-containing mouthwash.
To analyze trends in pediatric ingestions of ethanol-containing mouthwash before and after the CRC requirement.

Main Methods:

Reviewed American Association of Poison Control Center Toxic Exposure Surveillance System data.
Included single-substance exposures of children younger than 6 years.
Analyzed data from 10 years prior, the transition year, and 10 years after the 1995 ruling.

Main Results:

61,185 cases met the inclusion criteria.
Exposure rates per year were 0.12% pre-1995, 0.17% in 1995, and 0.17% post-1995.
Definitive outcomes were recorded in 62.6% of pre-requirement cases versus 42.2% of post-requirement cases.

Conclusions:

While numerous factors influence outcomes, the post-requirement group showed better outcomes in cases with definitive coding.
The child-resistant packaging rule for ethanol-containing mouthwash appears to contribute to improved safety outcomes.