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Assessing Mineral Availability in Fish Feeds using Complementary Methods Demonstrated with the Example of Zinc in Atlantic Salmon

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Multiple micronutrient fortification of salt.

M Vinodkumar¹, S Rajagopalan

¹Sundar Serendipity Foundation, Chennai, India. vinodkumar_m_k@hotmail.com

European Journal of Clinical Nutrition

|December 20, 2007

Summary

This study developed stable, multi-micronutrient fortified salt, proving effective in improving schoolchildren's iron and vitamin A status and combating deficiencies.

Area of Science:

Nutritional Science
Public Health Interventions
Food Fortification

Background:

Micronutrient deficiencies pose a significant public health challenge globally, particularly among school-aged children.
Salt is a widely consumed staple, making it an ideal vehicle for micronutrient fortification.
Developing stable and effective fortified food products is crucial for addressing nutritional gaps.

Purpose of the Study:

To create a multi-micronutrient fortified salt with enhanced stability.
To evaluate the stability of the fortified salt during cooking and storage.
To assess the efficacy of the fortified salt in improving micronutrient status and health outcomes in schoolchildren.

Main Methods:

A multi-micronutrient fortified salt was developed using chelated ferrous sulfate and microencapsulated vitamins (A, B1, B2, B6, B12, folic acid, niacin, calcium pantothenate) alongside iodine.

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Stability testing involved 20 minutes of cooking and 6 months of storage.

A one-year intervention study in Chennai, India, involved 119 schoolchildren consuming food prepared with fortified salt, compared to 126 control group participants.

Main Results:

The fortified salt demonstrated stability during both cooking and storage periods.
The experimental group showed significant improvements (P<0.05) in hemoglobin, red blood cell count, serum vitamin A, and urinary iodine levels.
Conversely, the control group experienced significant declines (P<0.05) in hemoglobin, hematocrit, red blood cell count, and urinary iodine.

Conclusions:

Multi-micronutrient fortified salt is stable under typical cooking and storage conditions.
This fortified salt is an effective intervention for combating multiple micronutrient deficiencies in schoolchildren.
The findings support the widespread implementation of multi-micronutrient fortified salt programs to improve public health.