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Acute Pharyngitis

Acute Pharyngitis

Introduction
Acute pharyngitis is the inflammation of the back of the throat (pharynx), commonly resulting in a sore throat. It is a frequently encountered condition that prompts individuals to seek medical advice.
Classification
Acute pharyngitis can be categorized based on its underlying cause:

Chronic Pharyngitis

Chronic Pharyngitis

Chronic pharyngitis refers to persistent inflammation of the pharyngial mucosa.
Etiology
It often arises from persistent viral or bacterial infections affecting sinuses and tonsils.
Additional contributing factors include inadequate dental hygiene, mouth breathing, recurring tonsillitis, allergic rhinitis, laryngopharyngeal reflux, and exposure to smoke, chemicals, and other environmental pollutants. Allergic reactions to pollen, mold, and pet dander, chronic cough, excessive voice usage,...

Tonsillitis II: Management

Tonsillitis II: Management

This lesson will focus on the different treatment options for managing tonsillitis, which typically depend on the cause and severity.

Tonsillitis I: Introduction

Tonsillitis I: Introduction

Tonsillitis is inflammation of the tonsils, which are two lymphoid tissue masses at the back of the throat. This condition can cause discomfort and irritation in the throat.
Etiology
Three primary contributing factors have been identified.

Respiratory Syncytial Virus Disease

Respiratory Syncytial Virus Disease

Human respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) is a widespread pathogen that primarily targets infants and young children but also poses a serious health risk to elderly and immunocompromised individuals. Belonging to the Pneumoviridae family, RSV is a negative-sense, single-stranded RNA virus within the Pneumovirus genus. Its global health burden is significant, with millions of cases annually resulting in hospitalizations and mortality, particularly in resource-limited settings. Although most...

Suctioning the Nasopharyngeal Airway

Suctioning the Nasopharyngeal Airway

Nasopharyngeal suctioning is a procedure to remove secretions from the upper part of the respiratory tract that the patient cannot clear independently. It helps maintain airway patency and prevents complications such as aspiration pneumonia.
Equipment Required

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jul 9, 2026

Murine Nasal Lavage Fluid Collection without Blood Contamination

Murine Nasal Lavage Fluid Collection without Blood Contamination

Published on: July 11, 2025

[Acute rhinosinusitis in children].

Jean-Michel Klossek¹, Béatrice Quinet

¹Service ORL, hôpital Jean-Bernard, 86021 Poitiers. j.m.klossek@chu-poitiers.fr

La Revue Du Praticien

|December 21, 2007

Summary

Viral rhinosinusitis in children presents as subacute/persisting or acute/severe forms. Treatment depends on severity, with antibiotics reserved for severe cases or complications, guided by French resistance data.

Area of Science:

Pediatric infectious diseases
Otolaryngology
Microbiology

Context:

Rhinosinusitis is a common pediatric condition with varied clinical presentations.
Sinus cavity development influences the location and age-specific prevalence of pediatric rhinosinusitis.
Diagnosis and management strategies are tailored to clinical evolution and potential complications.

Purpose:

To outline the diagnostic criteria and clinical classifications of rhinosinusitis in children.
To define the indications for imaging and antibiotic therapy in pediatric rhinosinusitis.
To emphasize the importance of considering bacterial epidemiology and antibiotic resistance in treatment decisions.

Summary:

Pediatric rhinosinusitis is primarily viral, classified into subacute/persisting and acute/severe forms.

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Jul 9, 2026

Murine Nasal Lavage Fluid Collection without Blood Contamination

Murine Nasal Lavage Fluid Collection without Blood Contamination

Published on: July 11, 2025

Location varies with age (e.g., ethmoiditis in young children).

Imaging is indicated for severe symptoms, extra-maxillary involvement, or complications; antibiotics are reserved for severe cases or complications, informed by French antimicrobial resistance data.

Impact:

Provides a framework for evidence-based management of pediatric rhinosinusitis.
Guides clinicians in appropriate use of antibiotics, combating antimicrobial resistance.
Highlights the role of age and clinical presentation in therapeutic decision-making.