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What risks do people perceive in everyday life? A perspective gained from the experience sampling method (ESM).

Robin M Hogarth¹, Mariona Portell, Anna Cuxart

¹Universitat Pompeu Fabra, Department of Economics and Business, Ramon Trias Fargas, 25-27, 08005 Barcelona, Spain. robin.hogarth@upf.edu

Risk Analysis : an Official Publication of the Society for Risk Analysis

|December 21, 2007

Summary

Part-time students perceive risks like time loss and physical damage. Experience sampling method (ESM) revealed gender and emotional state influence risk perception, with real-time assessments exceeding retrospective ones.

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Area of Science:

Psychology
Risk Perception Studies
Behavioral Science

Background:

Understanding risk perception is crucial for safety and decision-making.
Traditional methods may not capture the dynamic nature of real-time risk assessment.

Purpose of the Study:

To investigate risk perceptions among part-time students using the experience sampling method (ESM).
To explore the influence of gender, emotional state, and risk type on risk assessment.
To compare real-time risk assessments with retrospective evaluations.

Main Methods:

Utilized the experience sampling method (ESM) with 74 part-time students.
Data collected via random text message prompts assessing current activities and perceived risks.
Employed multilevel analysis to examine influencing factors.

Main Results:

Primary risks identified were short-term "loss of time or materials" and "physical damage".
Females perceived risks as more likely than males, though severity assessment was similar.
Positive emotional states correlated with lower risk assessments.
Real-time ESM risk assessments were higher than retrospective ones.

Conclusions:

ESM provides valuable insights into dynamic risk perceptions.
Gender and emotional state significantly moderate risk perception.
Real-time data collection offers a more accurate reflection of perceived risks compared to retrospective methods.
ESM presents both advantages and disadvantages for risk perception research.