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Related Concept Videos

Changes in the Appendicular Skeleton with Age01:09

Changes in the Appendicular Skeleton with Age

The upper and lower limb initially develops as a small bulge called a limb bud, which appears on the lateral side of the early embryo. The upper limb bud appears near the end of the fourth week of development, with the lower limb bud appearing shortly after.
Initially, the limb buds consist of a core of mesenchyme covered by a layer of ectoderm. The ectoderm at the end of the limb bud thickens to form a narrow crest called the apical ectodermal ridge. This ridge stimulates the underlying...
Bones of the Upper Limb: Ulna01:15

Bones of the Upper Limb: Ulna

The ulna and radius are parallel bones of the antebrachium or the forearm. The ulna lies medially and consists of a bony tip called the olecranon process at its proximal end. This hook-like projection articulates with the olecranon fossa of the humerus and forms the "hinged" ulnohumeral part of the elbow joint. This joint facilitates forearm extension and flexion while preventing its hyperextension. Similarly, the coronoid process, another bony projection on the proximal/anterior side of the...
Muscles of the Forearm that Move the Hand and Fingers01:16

Muscles of the Forearm that Move the Hand and Fingers

The muscles of the forearm that move the wrist, hand, and digits are numerous and diverse. They can be classified into two groups based on their location and function — the anterior and posterior compartment muscles.
Anterior Compartment
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Bones of the Upper Limb: Humerus01:19

Bones of the Upper Limb: Humerus

The upper limb consists of the arm, forearm, wrist, and hand bones. The humerus is the single bone of the upper arm region. Proximally, it has a large, spherical, smooth head that articulates with the glenoid cavity of the scapula to form the glenohumeral or shoulder joint. The margin of the head is the anatomical neck, a residual epiphyseal plate. Laterally it extends to form bony projections called the greater tubercle and the lesser tubercle. Next to the tubercles is the surgical neck, a...
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Bones of the Upper Limb: Radius

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Muscles that Move the Forearm

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Related Experiment Videos

Enchondroma protuberans of the hand.

Yeong-Yi An1, Jee-Young Kim, Myeong-Im Ahn

  • 1Department of Radiology, The Catholic University of Korea, St. Vincent's Hospital, 93 Ji-dong, Paldal-ku, Suwon, Kyunggi-do 442-723, Republic of Korea.

AJR. American Journal of Roentgenology
|December 21, 2007
PubMed
Summary

Enchondroma protuberans is a rare tumor. This study details its characteristic imaging findings using radiography and MRI to prevent misdiagnosis.

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Area of Science:

  • Orthopedic oncology
  • Radiology
  • Tumor imaging

Background:

  • Enchondroma protuberans is a rare bone tumor characterized by an intramedullary enchondroma with exophytic growth.
  • Accurate diagnosis is crucial to differentiate it from other bone lesions.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To describe the characteristic imaging findings of enchondroma protuberans.
  • To evaluate the utility of radiography and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) in diagnosing this rare condition.

Main Methods:

  • Retrospective review of imaging studies (radiography and MRI) from patients diagnosed with enchondroma protuberans.
  • Analysis of imaging features, including lesion location, size, matrix, and growth pattern.

Main Results:

  • Radiographic findings may show a well-defined intramedullary lesion with a lobulated, exophytic component.
  • MRI can provide more detailed information about the tumor's soft tissue extension, internal matrix, and relationship to surrounding structures.
  • Characteristic imaging features aid in differentiating enchondroma protuberans from other bone tumors.

Conclusions:

  • Understanding the distinct imaging features of enchondroma protuberans is essential for accurate diagnosis and to avoid misdiagnosis.
  • MRI is a valuable tool when radiographic findings are inconclusive, offering enhanced visualization for definitive diagnosis.