An approach to fetal surgery: endoscopic use of excimer laser

Recent progress in the area of prenatal diagnosis by means of ultrasound forces the improvement of surgical techniques for intra-uterine fetal therapy. By the use of short, intense pulses of ultraviolet laser light (20-200 ns long) a photoablation of defined samples of biological tissue is performed with no substantial thermal side effects. The experimental set-up applied in this study included endoscopic operation on five fetal lambs. Macroscopically, a sharp edge in the incision area was observed at both prechosen laser frequencies of 10 and 40 Hz. The clinical application of pulsed ultraviolet laser systems with the characteristics of guided photoablation and atraumatic incisions avoiding thermal side-effects opens new perspectives for fetal surgery.