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Cognitive-behavioral interventions to reduce suicide behavior: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Nicholas Tarrier1, Katherine Taylor, Patricia Gooding
1Division of Clinical Psychology, School of Psychological Sciences,University of Manchester, Manchester, United Kingdom. nicholas.tarrier@manchester.ac.uk
Behavior Modification
|December 22, 2007
Summary
Cognitive-behavioral therapies (CBTs) significantly reduce suicide behavior in adults, particularly in individual settings. However, publication bias warrants cautious interpretation of these findings on suicide prevention.
Area of Science:
- Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences
- Clinical Psychology
Background:
- Suicide behavior presents a significant global public health challenge.
- Effective interventions for reducing suicidal ideation, plans, and behaviors are a clinical priority.
Purpose of the Study:
- To systematically review and meta-analyze the efficacy of Cognitive-behavioral therapies (CBTs) in reducing suicide behavior.
- To identify specific conditions under which CBT demonstrates effectiveness for suicide prevention.
Main Methods:
- Systematic review and meta-analysis of 28 studies.
- Inclusion criteria applied to 123 initially identified articles.
- Subgroup analyses conducted to explore treatment moderators.
Main Results:
- Overall, CBT showed a highly significant effect in reducing suicide behavior.
- Significant effects were observed for adult samples, individual therapy, and comparisons against minimal or usual care.
- Medium-term treatment effects were evident, though potentially reduced.
Conclusions:
- CBT is a promising intervention for ameliorating suicidal thoughts, plans, and behaviors.
- Effectiveness is moderated by patient age (adults) and treatment format (individual).
- Publication bias necessitates a degree of caution when interpreting the overall positive findings.
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