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Related Experiment Videos

The pineal gland in multiple sclerosis.

R Sandyk1, G I Awerbuch

  • 1Department of Psychiatry, Albert Einstein College of Medicine/Montefiore Medical Center, Bronx, NY 10461.

The International Journal of Neuroscience
|November 1, 1991
PubMed
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Pineal calcification (PC) is 100% prevalent in multiple sclerosis (MS) patients, suggesting a link between pineal gland function and MS pathophysiology. This highlights potential roles for pineal melatonin in neuroimmunomodulation and MS development.

Area of Science:

  • Neuroimmunology
  • Neurology
  • Radiology

Background:

  • Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a chronic demyelinating disease with unknown causes.
  • Clinical, neurochemical, and neuroradiological evidence suggests the pineal gland's involvement in MS.
  • Pineal calcification (PC) and choroid plexus calcification (CPC) are common findings in neurological conditions.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the association between MS and pineal calcification (PC).
  • To compare the prevalence of PC and CPC in MS patients versus controls.
  • To explore the potential role of pineal gland function in MS pathophysiology.

Main Methods:

  • Computed tomography (CT) scans were used to assess PC and CPC prevalence.
  • A cohort of 29 consecutive MS patients admitted for acute exacerbation was studied.

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  • A control group of 21 age- and sex-matched neurological patients was included for comparison.

    • Main Results:

    • Pineal calcification (PC) was observed in 100% of MS patients.
    • Choroid plexus calcification (CPC) was found in 72.4% of MS patients.
    • In the control group, PC prevalence was 42.8% and CPC prevalence was 28.5%.

    Conclusions:

    • The high prevalence of PC in MS patients strongly suggests an association between MS and pineal gland abnormalities.
    • Abnormalities in pineal melatonin function, known for its neuroimmunomodulatory effects, are proposed as a potential factor in MS pathophysiology.
    • This study provides novel insights into the potential link between the pineal gland and the development of multiple sclerosis.