In vivo behavior of a novel injectable calcium phosphate cement compared with two other commercially available...

The aim of this study was to investigate the physicochemical and biological properties of a newly developed calcium phosphate cement (CPC). The novel cement was compared with two other commercially available CPCs. After mixing the powder and liquid phase, the CPCs were injected as a paste into a rabbit distal femoral defect model. The CPCs were evaluated after 24 h, 6 weeks, 26 weeks, and 52 weeks. The novel CPC was easy to handle and was fast setting. X-ray diffraction (XRD) and Fourier Transform Infrared Spectrometry (FTIR) at the different implantation periods showed that the cement had converted to carbonated hydroxyapatite and remained stable over time. Histological evaluation showed bone apposition on the cement surface without any inflammatory response or fibrous encapsulation. At later time points, all CPCs were completely covered by a thin layer of bone. Osteoclast-like cells present at the interface resorbed parts of the cement mass. Histological and histomorphometrical analyses did not show any significant differences between the three implanted CPCs. The results indicate that the investigated CPC is biocompatible, osteoconductive, as well as osteotransductive and seems to be both biologically safe and effective as a bone void filler.