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Thiol methyltransferase in humans: development and tissue distribution.

G M Pacifici1, S Santerini, L Giuliani

  • 1Department of Biomedicine, University of Pisa, Italy.

Developmental Pharmacology and Therapeutics
|January 1, 1991
PubMed
Summary

Thiol methyltransferase (TMT) activity is present in human placenta and liver during development. This enzyme, crucial for methylation, shows higher concentrations in adult liver compared to fetal tissues and extrahepatic organs.

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Area of Science:

  • Biochemistry
  • Enzymology
  • Developmental Biology

Background:

  • Thiol methyltransferase (TMT) is a key enzyme involved in methylation processes.
  • Understanding TMT activity during development is crucial for comprehending metabolic pathways in fetuses and adults.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To quantify TMT activity in human placenta, fetal liver, and adult liver.
  • To investigate the distribution of TMT activity in various fetal and adult extrahepatic tissues.
  • To characterize the enzyme kinetics of TMT in fetal and adult liver.

Main Methods:

  • Microsomal fractions from placenta, fetal liver, adult liver, and extrahepatic tissues were analyzed for TMT activity.
  • Enzyme kinetics were studied using 2-mercaptoethanol as a substrate, employing non-Michaelis-Menten models.

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  • Activity was measured using spectrophotometric assays and reported as nmol/min/mg protein.

    • Main Results:

    • TMT activity was detected in placenta (0.61 ± 0.25), fetal liver (0.74 ± 0.45), and adult liver (4.51 ± 2.29).
    • Extrahepatic tissues showed significantly lower TMT activity compared to the liver in both fetal and adult subjects.
    • Fetal and adult hepatic TMT exhibited non-Michaelis-Menten kinetics with distinct high and low affinity phases for 2-mercaptoethanol.

    Conclusions:

    • TMT activity develops prenatally and is primarily localized in the liver.
    • The distribution pattern of TMT is consistent with other microsomal enzymes, highlighting its hepatic importance.
    • These findings provide insights into the developmental expression and tissue-specific localization of TMT.