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Related Experiment Videos

Defining an extended-spectrum beta-lactamase.

D M Livermore1

  • 1Antibiotic Resistance Monitoring and Reference Laboratory, Health Protection Agency Centre for Infections, London, UK. david.livermore@hpa.org.uk

Clinical Microbiology and Infection : the Official Publication of the European Society of Clinical Microbiology and Infectious Diseases
|December 25, 2007
PubMed
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The term extended-spectrum beta-lactamase (ESBL) has evolved to encompass a broader range of enzymes beyond its original definition. It is recommended to specify the enzyme family, such as TEM ESBL or OXA ESBL, for clarity.

Area of Science:

  • Microbiology
  • Biochemistry
  • Enzymology

Background:

  • The term extended-spectrum beta-lactamase (ESBL) was initially defined for specific enzyme derivatives (TEM and SHV) hydrolyzing oxyimino-cephalosporins.
  • These enzymes originally belonged to beta-lactamase functional group 2be.
  • The definition has since expanded to include a wider array of beta-lactamases.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To clarify the evolving definition and scope of extended-spectrum beta-lactamases (ESBLs).
  • To propose a standardized nomenclature for reporting ESBL-producing enzymes.
  • To ensure accurate communication regarding antimicrobial resistance mechanisms.

Main Methods:

  • Review and analysis of the historical and current definitions of ESBLs.
  • Categorization of enzymes based on their substrate hydrolysis profiles and genetic origins.

Related Experiment Videos

  • Examination of enzyme families like TEM, SHV, CTX-M, VEB, OXA, and AmpC mutants.

    • Main Results:

    • The term 'ESBL' has been broadened to include enzymes with similar spectra from different sources (e.g., CTX-M, VEB).
    • It now also encompasses TEM and SHV mutants with borderline activity (e.g., TEM-12).
    • Various beta-lactamases with enhanced resistance profiles, not fitting the original group 2be definition (e.g., OXA, mutant AmpC), are also included under the ESBL umbrella.

    Conclusions:

    • A broad, pragmatic usage of the term 'ESBL' is recommended.
    • This usage should be accompanied by the specific enzyme family designation (e.g., 'TEM ESBL', 'OXA ESBL').
    • Using specific enzyme family names avoids ambiguity and improves scientific communication.