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Establishment of the Dual Humanized TK-NOG Mouse Model for HIV-associated Liver Pathogenesis
Published on: September 11, 2019
Viral hepatitis and HIV coinfection
1Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, 600 North Wolfe Street, 1830 Building, Room 448, Baltimore, MD 21287, USA. msulkowski@jhmi.edu
Journal of Hepatology
|December 25, 2007
Summary
Individuals with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) often have co-infections with hepatitis B (HBV) and hepatitis C (HCV). Managing these viral hepatitis co-infections is crucial for HIV patient health and treatment effectiveness.
Area of Science:
- Infectious Diseases
- Hepatology
- Public Health
Background:
- High-risk populations for human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) are frequently exposed to other bloodborne pathogens like hepatitis B virus (HBV) and hepatitis C virus (HCV).
- Transmission routes for HIV, HBV, and HCV often overlap, including injection drug use, sexual contact, and perinatal transmission.
- Liver disease is a significant cause of illness and death in individuals with HIV, especially with the advent of effective antiretroviral therapy (ART).
Purpose of the Study:
- To review current management strategies for HIV-infected individuals coinfected with HBV or HCV.
- To highlight the impact of viral hepatitis coinfection on ART efficacy and safety.
- To emphasize the importance of screening and appropriate management of HBV and HCV in HIV-positive patients.
Main Methods:
- Review of existing literature and expert guidelines on the management of HIV/HBV and HIV/HCV coinfections.
- Discussion of treatment options for HBV and HCV in the context of HIV infection.
- Analysis of challenges in ART delivery due to coinfection-related hepatotoxicity.
Main Results:
- Coinfection with HBV and/or HCV is prevalent in some populations and complicates HIV management.
- Viral hepatitis can increase the risk of drug-induced liver injury and influence ART regimen selection.
- Guidelines recommend screening all HIV-infected individuals for HBV and HCV.
Conclusions:
- Effective management of HBV and HCV coinfections is essential for improving outcomes in HIV-infected individuals.
- Treatment for HBV involves nucleos(t)ide analogues and/or peginterferon alfa (PegIFN).
- HCV treatment is primarily based on PegIFN and ribavirin (RBV).
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