Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Nuclear Protein Sorting01:34

Nuclear Protein Sorting

Nuclear protein sorting is the selective trafficking of histones, polymerases, gene regulatory proteins into the nucleus and exporting RNAs and ribosomes to the cytosol. It is a tightly controlled process that regulates gene expression within a cell.
Proteins targeted to the nucleus carry nuclear localization signals or NLS recognized by import receptors in the cytosol. Similarly, proteins with nuclear export signals are recognized by export receptors. Import and export receptors are...
Nuclear Export01:42

Nuclear Export

The nucleus restricts several proteins within and allows others to pass. The restricted proteins possess a nuclear retention sequence or NRS, anchoring them to the nuclear lamins and preventing their transport to the cytosol. The non-restricted proteins, after their synthesis, are transported to their site of action, such as the cytosol or other organelles, with the help of nuclear export signals or NES.
NES are of three types- the canonical 10-residue long leucine-rich signal and other...
Nuclear Localization Signals and Import01:46

Nuclear Localization Signals and Import

Proteins targeted to the nucleus carry short stretches of amino acid sequences called the nuclear localization signal or NLS. Classical nuclear localization signals are of two types: monopartite and bipartite NLS. Monopartite classical NLS (cNLS) consists of a single cluster of 4-8 amino acids. Bipartite cNLS consists of two clusters of  2-3 amino acids and a 9-12 residue long proline-rich linker bridging the two clusters. Signal clusters are rich in positively charged amino acids such as...
Nuclear Export of mRNA02:31

Nuclear Export of mRNA

Before mRNAs are exported to the cytoplasm, it is crucial to check each mRNA for structural and functional integrity. Eukaryotic cells use several different mechanisms, collectively known as mRNA surveillance, to look for irregularities in mRNAs. Irregular or aberrant mRNA are rapidly degraded by various enzymes. If a defective mRNA escapes the surveillance, it would be translated into a protein which would either be non-functional or not function properly. One of the primary irregularities in...
Nuclear Export of mRNA02:31

Nuclear Export of mRNA

Before mRNAs are exported to the cytoplasm, it is crucial to check each mRNA for structural and functional integrity. Eukaryotic cells use several different mechanisms, collectively known as mRNA surveillance, to look for irregularities in mRNAs. Irregular or aberrant mRNA are rapidly degraded by various enzymes. If a defective mRNA escapes the surveillance, it would be translated into a protein which would either be non-functional or not function properly. One of the primary irregularities in...
Regulation of Nuclear Protein Sorting01:45

Regulation of Nuclear Protein Sorting

Nuclear protein sorting regulates nucleus composition and gene expression, crucial for determining the fate of a eukaryotic cell. Hence, the entry and exit of molecules across the nuclear envelope is a tightly controlled process. Nuclear protein sorting can be inhibited by one of the following ways: 1) masking cargo signal sequences, 2) modifying the nuclear receptor's affinity for cargo, 3) controlling the nuclear pore size, 4) retaining the cargo during its transit to the cytosol or the...

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Nuclear basket localized proteasomes maintain circadian period through nuclear TOC1 proteolysis.

bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology·2026
Same author

Arabidopsis KASH domains are differentially required for distinct LINC complex roles in stomata, roots and pollen.

Journal of cell science·2026
Same author

Nuclear Entanglement: New Insights Into the Role of Cytoskeleton and Nucleoskeleton in Plant Nuclear Function.

Cytoskeleton (Hoboken, N.J.)·2025
Same author

PEK14: A Kinesin-4 Necessary for Male-Derived Fertility in Arabidopsis thaliana.

Cytoskeleton (Hoboken, N.J.)·2025
Same author

[Recruitment of a cohort to investigate medical follow-up care after childhood cancer: Record-Linkage between the German Childhood Cancer Registry and statutory health insurance companies (VersKiKCohort)].

Gesundheitswesen (Bundesverband der Arzte des Offentlichen Gesundheitsdienstes (Germany))·2025
Same author

The Arabidopsis KASH protein SINE3 is involved in male and female gametogenesis.

Plant reproduction·2024

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jul 8, 2026

Single-Molecule Imaging of Nuclear Transport
12:13

Single-Molecule Imaging of Nuclear Transport

Published on: June 9, 2010

The nuclear pore comes to the fore.

Xianfeng M Xu1, Iris Meier

  • 1Department of Plant Cellular and Molecular Biology, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA.

Trends in Plant Science
|December 25, 2007
PubMed
Summary

Plant nuclear pore complexes regulate key processes like stress tolerance and flowering time. Mutations in nucleoporins reveal their critical roles in plant development and microbe interactions.

Area of Science:

  • Plant Biology
  • Molecular Biology
  • Cell Biology

Background:

  • The nuclear pore complex (NPC) controls transport between the nucleus and cytoplasm.
  • NPC composition is well-understood in yeast and mammals, but poorly characterized in plants.
  • Recent studies link plant nucleoporin mutations to significant whole-organism phenotypes.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review recent findings on plant nucleoporins.
  • To compare plant NPC functions with those in non-plant systems.
  • To explore nucleoporin roles beyond nucleocytoplasmic transport.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of recent reports on plant nucleoporins.
  • Comparative analysis of nucleoporin functions across different organisms.

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Jul 8, 2026

Single-Molecule Imaging of Nuclear Transport
12:13

Single-Molecule Imaging of Nuclear Transport

Published on: June 9, 2010

  • Discussion of nucleoporin involvement in various plant pathways.

    • Main Results:

    • Plant nucleoporin mutations impact plant-microbe interactions, auxin response, cold-stress tolerance, and flowering time.
    • These effects are likely mediated by altered protein import and/or RNA export, including small RNAs.
    • Nucleoporins have functions unrelated to nucleocytoplasmic transport.

    Conclusions:

    • Plant nucleoporins play crucial roles in diverse physiological processes.
    • Understanding plant NPCs is vital for deciphering plant development and environmental responses.
    • Further research into non-transport roles of nucleoporins is warranted.