[Ethical and epistemologic aspects of laparoscopy in surgery and carcinologic surgery]

The first endoscopic gall-bladder ablation was performed in France, twenty years ago. NOTES (natural orifices transluminal endoscopic surgery) is a new step towards surgery leaving no scar. Is surgery's paradigm changing now ? This short study will focus on the epistemologic and ethical changes which have been generated by the increasing use of endoscopic techniques in visceral and carcinologic surgery. These changes will certainly imply, in the near future, other deep evolutions in the speciality organization.