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Related Concept Videos

The Phosphorus Cycle01:21

The Phosphorus Cycle

Unlike carbon, water, and nitrogen, phosphorus is not present in the atmosphere as a gas. Instead, most phosphorus in the ecosystem exists as compounds, such as phosphate ions (PO43-), found in soil, water, sediment and rocks. Phosphorus is often a limiting nutrient (i.e., in short supply). Consequently, phosphorus is added to most agricultural fertilizers, which can cause environmental problems related to runoff in aquatic ecosystems.

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Reducing phosphorus inputs for grazing Holstein steers.

A M Brokman1, J W Lehmkuhler, D J Undersander

  • 1Department of Animal Sciences, University of Wisconsin, Madison 53706, USA.

Journal of Animal Science
|December 25, 2007
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Summary

Managed pastures adequately supply phosphorus (P) for Holstein steers, eliminating the need for P supplementation. This study confirms P sufficiency in cool-season grass/legume pastures for growing cattle.

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Area of Science:

  • Animal Nutrition
  • Ruminant Physiology
  • Forage Management

Background:

  • Phosphorus (P) is a critical nutrient for cattle growth and development.
  • Managed pastures are a primary feed source for beef cattle, but P content can vary.
  • Holstein steers require adequate P intake for optimal performance.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To determine if managed cool-season grass/legume pastures provide sufficient phosphorus for Holstein steers.
  • To evaluate the necessity of supplemental phosphorus in the diet of grazing Holstein steers.

Main Methods:

  • A two-year study involving Holstein steers grazing mixed cool-season pastures.
  • Dietary treatments included trace mineralized salt with or without dicalcium phosphate supplementation.
  • Forage intake and P contribution were estimated using fecal bags and pasture sample analysis.

Main Results:

  • Pasture P content averaged 3.28 mg/g DM, exceeding the National Research Council (NRC) recommendations.
  • No significant differences in body weight, average daily gain, or mineral intake were observed between treatment groups.
  • Forage alone supplied 126% of the estimated daily P requirement for the steers.

Conclusions:

  • Supplemental phosphorus is not required for Holstein steers grazing mixed, cool-season, grass/legume pastures.
  • Managed pastures can be a reliable source of phosphorus for growing cattle.
  • Optimizing pasture composition can meet the nutritional needs of grazing livestock.