Focal cortical dysplasia with calcification: a case report
Kazuhiro Samura1, Takato Morioka, Fumiaki Yoshida
1Department of Neurosurgery, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, 3-1-1 Maidashi, Higashi-ku, Fukuoka 812-8582, Japan.
Summary
This case report details a rare instance of focal cortical dysplasia (FCD) with calcification in a young epileptic patient. Surgical removal confirmed the calcification was integral to the FCD lesion.
Area of Science:
- Neurology
- Epileptology
- Surgical Pathology
Background:
- Focal cortical dysplasia (FCD) is a developmental malformation of the cerebral cortex associated with epilepsy.
- FCD with calcification is an exceptionally rare presentation.
- Understanding the coexistence of FCD and calcification is crucial for effective epilepsy management.
Observation:
- A 13-year-old patient presented with epilepsy and a focal cortical dysplasia (FCD) with calcification in the left frontal lobe.
- Chronic subdural electrode recording guided surgical resection of the FCD lesion, surrounding epileptogenic cortex, and subcortex at age 24.
- Histological examination revealed the calcified lesion was subcortical and intrinsically linked to the FCD.
Findings:
- The calcified lesion was not an independent entity but an integral component of the focal cortical dysplasia.
- Neoplastic etiology for the lesion was definitively excluded.
- The surgical intervention aimed to resect the epileptogenic zone, including the FCD and associated calcification.
Implications:
- This case highlights the importance of thorough histopathological evaluation in rare FCD presentations.
- The findings contribute to understanding the pathophysiological mechanisms underlying FCD with calcification.
- Further research into the developmental processes leading to FCD with calcification may improve diagnostic and therapeutic strategies.
