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Related Concept Videos

Carrier-Mediated Transport01:06

Carrier-Mediated Transport

Carrier-mediated transport is a pivotal process in drug absorption, particularly for lipid-insoluble drugs, and encompasses facilitated diffusion and active transport. Facilitated diffusion allows drugs to move along their concentration gradient without energy expenditure, while active transport utilizes ATP to drive drug movement against this gradient.
Active transport involves two types of membrane-spanning transporters: uptake and efflux. Uptake transporters are expressed in the small...
Physiological Pharmacokinetic Models: Incorporating Hepatic Transporter-Mediated Clearance01:07

Physiological Pharmacokinetic Models: Incorporating Hepatic Transporter-Mediated Clearance

Drug transporters are critical in drug absorption, distribution, and excretion processes. They should be included in physiological-based pharmacokinetic (PBPK) models, which help predict human drug disposition. However, predicting this is challenging during drug development, especially when liver transport is involved. However, with a realistic representation of body transport processes, an accurate model may be possible.
A recent model describes pravastatin's hepatobiliary excretion, mediated...
ABC Transporters: Exporter01:31

ABC Transporters: Exporter

ATP-binding cassette or ABC transporter is the largest superfamily of integral membrane proteins. The transporters have transmembrane-binding domains (TMDs) and nucleotide-binding domains (NBDs). The TMDs are specific to their substrates, whereas the NBDs are similar to engines that complete ATP hydrolysis to complete the substrate transport. They can be full transporters consisting of two TMDs and NBDs, half transporters with one TMD and NBD, while some encoded with a single TMD or NBD are...
Pharmacogenetics of Drug Transporters: P-Glycoprotein and Solute Carrier Transporters01:16

Pharmacogenetics of Drug Transporters: P-Glycoprotein and Solute Carrier Transporters

The pharmacogenetics of drug transporters is increasingly recognized as a critical factor influencing interindividual variability in drug absorption, distribution, and elimination. These membrane-bound proteins regulate drugs' movement across cellular barriers by actively pumping them out (efflux) or facilitating their uptake (influx). Among the major transporter families, ATP-binding cassette (ABC) and solute carrier (SLC) transporters play particularly prominent roles. Genetic polymorphisms...
Drug Absorption Mechanism: Carrier-Mediated Membrane Transport01:19

Drug Absorption Mechanism: Carrier-Mediated Membrane Transport

Certain large, lipid-insoluble drug molecules that resemble amino acids, peptides, or glucose, require specialized carrier proteins to facilitate their diffusion across cell membranes. This transport can occur through either facilitated diffusion, which does not require energy input, or active transport, which does require energy input.
Facilitated diffusion is a passive process that utilizes human Solute Carrier (SLC) transporters. These transporters bind to the drug, undergo structural...
Hepatic Drug Clearance: Role of Transporters01:14

Hepatic Drug Clearance: Role of Transporters

In the liver and bile canaliculi, influx and efflux transporters modification can influence intrinsic clearance. Transporters play a significant role in moving drugs within liver cells. Elaborate models, such as the Biopharmaceutical Classification System (BCS), are essential to relate transporters to drug disposition. This system categorizes drugs into four classes based on solubility and permeability, providing insights into elimination routes and the effects of transporters following oral...

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Related Experiment Video

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In vivo and in vitro Studies of Adaptor-clathrin Interaction
17:14

In vivo and in vitro Studies of Adaptor-clathrin Interaction

Published on: January 26, 2011

Xenobiotic transporter-adaptor network.

Yukio Kato1

  • 1Division of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Graduate School of Natural Science and Technology, Kanazawa University, Kanazawa, Japan. ykato@p.kanazawa-u.ac.jp

Drug Metabolism and Pharmacokinetics
|December 27, 2007
PubMed
Summary

Xenobiotic transporters interact with adaptor proteins, like PDZ proteins, influencing drug transport. This interaction is crucial for transporter localization and function in cells.

Area of Science:

  • Pharmacology
  • Cell Biology
  • Biochemistry

Background:

  • Xenobiotic transporters are key in drug absorption and disposition.
  • Protein-protein interactions involving these transporters are increasingly recognized.
  • Adaptor proteins, such as PDZ domain-containing proteins, directly interact with xenobiotic transporters.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review recent evidence on xenobiotic transporter interactions with adaptor proteins.
  • To present a hypothesis on the pharmacological significance of these interactions.
  • To explore the role of adaptor proteins in transporter function and localization.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of studies on xenobiotic transporter-adaptor protein interactions.
  • Analysis of the structural and functional implications of PDZ domain interactions.

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Selection of Transporter-Targeted Inhibitory Nanobodies by Solid-Supported-Membrane (SSM)-Based Electrophysiology

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In vivo and in vitro Studies of Adaptor-clathrin Interaction
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In vivo and in vitro Studies of Adaptor-clathrin Interaction

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Models and Methods to Evaluate Transport of Drug Delivery Systems Across Cellular Barriers
18:57

Models and Methods to Evaluate Transport of Drug Delivery Systems Across Cellular Barriers

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  • Synthesis of current research to form a working hypothesis.

    • Main Results:

    • PDZ adaptors bind to the cytosolic regions of xenobiotic transporters.
    • Interaction with PDZ adaptors is essential for cell-surface localization of some transporters.
    • Transporter localization may occur within networks of transporters and adaptors.

    Conclusions:

    • Adaptor protein interactions are vital for xenobiotic transporter localization and function.
    • These interactions are critical for efficient and accurate transport of xenobiotics and drugs in epithelial cells.
    • Understanding these interactions offers insights into the pharmacological significance of drug disposition.