Related Experiment Video
Updated: Jul 8, 2026

Quantitative Structure-Activity Relationship, Activity Prediction, and Molecular Dynamics of Non-nucleotide Reverse Transcriptase Inhibitors
Published on: May 9, 2025
HIV type 1 subtype A epidemic in injecting drug user (IDU) communities in Iran
M Tagliamonte1, H R Naderi, M L Tornesello
1Viral Oncogenesis and Immunotherapy and AIDS Reference Center, Istituto Nazionale Tumori "Fond. G. Pascale, " 80131 Naples, Italy.
Abstract:
HIV-1 C2-V3 subgenomic regions of the env gene from Iranian seropositive injecting drug users (IDUs) living in Mashhad have been analyzed to evaluate molecular and phylogenetic relationships with IDUs living in Tehran and identify possible common founder virus isolates. The results show that the viral sequences of the Iranian IDUs are strongly related and form a single cluster within the A subtype related to African Ugandan/Kenyan sub-Saharan isolates. Pairwise nucleotide alignment shows higher average divergence values within the Mashhad group than the Tehran group. Furthermore, the Mashhad sequences show much less conserved amino acid residues in the V3 loop than the Tehran sequences. These data represent the first macro-analysis of the HIV-1 molecular evolution in the Iran and Middle East epidemics and may be extremely relevant to guide the development and implementation of diagnostic as well as preventive/therapeutic approaches in this region.
Related Concept Videos
Sexually Transmitted Infections
Hepatitis
Viral Hepatitis I: Introduction
Pulmonary Tuberculosis I
Causative Organism
The primary infectious agent causing tuberculosis is Mycobacterium tuberculosis, a slow-growing, acid-fast, aerobic rod that exhibits sensitivity to heat and ultraviolet light. Instances of Mycobacterium bovis and Mycobacterium avium contributing to the development of TB infection are rare.
Mode of...
Immunodeficiency Diseases
There are three main causes of immunodeficiency disorders...
Retrovirus Life Cycles

