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Updated: Jul 8, 2026
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Low-cost Custom Fabrication and Mode-locked Operation of an All-normal-dispersion Femtosecond Fiber Laser for Multiphoton Microscopy
Published on: November 22, 2019
Average-power mediated ultrafast laser osteotomy using a mode-locked Nd:YVO4 laser oscillator
1Hsinchu Mackay Memorial Hospital, Surgical Department, Hsinchu 300, Taiwan.
Journal of Biomedical Optics
|January 1, 2008
Abstract:
By using a novel temporal characterization technique, we determined that a threshold average laser power of 160 mW is required to drill through a 0.75-mm-thick cortical bone for a Nd:YVO(4) mode-locked laser oscillator with a peak intensity of 1.3 GWcm(2). The ablation mechanism is identified as average-power induced carbonization followed by peak-power induced avalanche ionization in the carbonized osseous tissue.
