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Drug Delivery: Parenteral Route

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The parenteral route is a critical method of drug administration. It delivers compounds directly into the systemic circulation and bypasses the gastrointestinal tract. This approach is particularly advantageous for drugs that exhibit poor absorption or instability when administered orally.
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jul 8, 2026

Intrathecal Delivery of Antisense Oligonucleotides in the Rat Central Nervous System

Intrathecal Delivery of Antisense Oligonucleotides in the Rat Central Nervous System

Published on: October 29, 2019

Intrathecal pumps.

Shawn Belverud¹, Alon Mogilner, Michael Schulder

¹Department of Neurosurgery, North Shore LIJ Health System, Manhasset, New York 11030, USA.

Neurotherapeutics : the Journal of the American Society for Experimental Neurotherapeutics

|January 1, 2008

Summary

This summary is machine-generated.

Direct neuroaxis drug delivery offers advanced pain management for patients unresponsive to conventional treatments. Intrathecal pump systems provide effective, targeted therapy with improved safety and efficacy.

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Area of Science:

Neurology
Pharmacology
Neurosurgery

Background:

Direct neuroaxis drug delivery, originating in 1898, has evolved significantly for pain management.
Intrathecal pump systems are now standard for various pain conditions and CNS injury sequelae.

Observation:

Advancements in understanding neuromodulation physiology and pharmacology offer diverse treatment options.
Refinements in surgical techniques and catheter systems enhance long-term safety and efficacy.

Findings:

This review covers the historical progression of intrathecal therapies.
It discusses patient selection, drug choices, side effects, surgical methods, and pump placement complications.

Implications:

Direct neuroaxis drug delivery represents a crucial therapeutic avenue for refractory pain and neurological conditions.
Ongoing research and technological improvements continue to expand the potential of these advanced treatment modalities.