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Published on: June 26, 2020

Henipavirus susceptibility to environmental variables.

Rhys Fogarty1, Kim Halpin, Alex D Hyatt

  • 1Department of Ophthalmology, Flinders Medical Centre, Adelaide, Australia.

Virus Research
|January 2, 2008
PubMed
Summary

Henipaviruses can persist for days in fruit bat urine but are sensitive to heat and drying. This suggests close contact is needed for henipavirus transmission, though environmental persistence allows for vehicle-borne spread.

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Area of Science:

  • Virology
  • Environmental Science
  • Epidemiology

Background:

  • Henipavirus transmission routes between hosts remain largely unknown.
  • Understanding virus persistence is crucial for identifying potential transmission pathways.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To quantify henipavirus survival under diverse environmental conditions.
  • To elucidate potential henipavirus transmission mechanisms.

Main Methods:

  • Assessing henipavirus persistence in fruit bat urine at varying temperatures and pH.
  • Evaluating henipavirus survival on mango flesh under different temperature and pH conditions.
  • Measuring henipavirus survival rates after desiccation.

Main Results:

  • Henipaviruses persisted for over 4 days at 22°C in neutral pH fruit bat urine.
  • Survival was reduced by elevated temperatures and pH changes.
  • On mango flesh, survival ranged from 2 hours to over 2 days, influenced by temperature and fruit pH.
  • Desiccation significantly reduced virus survival to less than 2 hours.

Conclusions:

  • Henipavirus sensitivity to pH, temperature, and desiccation suggests close host contact is typically required for transmission.
  • Under optimal environmental conditions, henipaviruses can remain viable for extended periods, potentially enabling vehicle-borne transmission.