[Surgical findings in an Egyptian mummy's skull]

Reports of hard and soft tissue injuries of the head in ancient Egypt were first published in the surgical "Book of Wounds" of E. Smith's Papyrus, which dates back to the 16th century B.C., and is assumed (Pahl, 1986) to be a collection of experiences gained over a thousand years. Diagnostic clues and guidelines for the treatment of fractures of the maxilla and the zygomatic bone are described in several cases.