Search research articles

ABOUT JoVE

Overview Leadership Blog JoVE Help Center

AUTHORS

Publishing Process Editorial Board Scope & Policies Peer Review FAQ Submit

LIBRARIANS

Testimonials Subscriptions Access Resources Library Advisory Board FAQ

RESEARCH

JoVE Journal Methods Collections JoVE Encyclopedia of Experiments Archive

EDUCATION

JoVE Core JoVE Business JoVE Science Education JoVE Lab Manual Faculty Resource Center Faculty Site

Terms & Conditions of Use

Related Concept Videos

Sexually Transmitted Infections

Sexually Transmitted Infections

Sexually transmitted infections (STIs) are diseases transmitted primarily through unsafe sexual interactions. Bacteria, viruses, or parasites cause them and can result in severe health complications if untreated.ChlamydiaThe bacterium Chlamydia trachomatis is responsible for the disease Chlamydia, the most common STI in the United States. This peculiar pathogen requires human cells to reproduce, residing intracellularly. The initial infection often goes unnoticed because it typically does not...

Retrovirus Life Cycles

Retrovirus Life Cycles

Retroviruses have a single-stranded RNA genome that undergoes a special form of replication. Once the retrovirus has entered the host cell, an enzyme called reverse transcriptase synthesizes double-stranded DNA from the retroviral RNA genome. This DNA copy of the genome is then integrated into the host’s genome inside the nucleus via an enzyme called integrase. Consequently, the retroviral genome is transcribed into RNA whenever the host’s genome is transcribed, allowing the retrovirus to...

Inhibitors of Virion Maturation and Assembly

Inhibitors of Virion Maturation and Assembly

As part of their replication cycle, certain viruses synthesize long precursor proteins called polyproteins within infected host cells. In human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), two major polyproteins are produced: Gag and Gag-Pol. The Gag polyprotein supplies the structural components of the virus, while Gag-Pol includes essential viral enzymes such as reverse transcriptase, integrase, and protease. After synthesis, these polyproteins move to the host cell membrane, where they assemble into an...

Immunodeficiency Diseases

Immunodeficiency Diseases

Immunodeficiency disorders are conditions in which the immune system's ability to fight infectious disease and cancer is compromised or entirely absent. The immune system comprises a complex network of cells, tissues, and organs that work together to protect the body from potentially harmful invaders. When this system is deficient or not functioning properly, it leaves the body susceptible to infections, diseases, or other complications.
There are three main causes of immunodeficiency disorders...

Cryptococcal Meningitis

Cryptococcal Meningitis

Cryptococcal meningitis is a life-threatening opportunistic infection predominantly associated with HIV/AIDS, accounting for over 100,000 deaths annually worldwide. However, it also affects individuals with other forms of immunosuppression, including those undergoing immunosuppressive therapy, organ transplant recipients, patients with innate immunodeficiencies, and individuals with hematological disorders. The infection is caused mainly by Cryptococcus neoformans and Cryptococcus gattii,...

Respiratory Syncytial Virus Disease

Respiratory Syncytial Virus Disease

Human respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) is a widespread pathogen that primarily targets infants and young children but also poses a serious health risk to elderly and immunocompromised individuals. Belonging to the Pneumoviridae family, RSV is a negative-sense, single-stranded RNA virus within the Pneumovirus genus. Its global health burden is significant, with millions of cases annually resulting in hospitalizations and mortality, particularly in resource-limited settings. Although most...

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by

Same author

Transport of dust across the Solar System: Constraints on the spatial origin of individual micrometeorites from cosmic-ray exposure.

Philosophical transactions. Series A, Mathematical, physical, and engineering sciences·2024

Same author

The effect of ultrafine WO<sub>3</sub> nanoparticles on the organization of thylakoids enriched in photosystem II and energy transfer in photosystem II complexes.

Microscopy research and technique·2023

Same author

Modern Tools for Modern Brachytherapy.

Clinical oncology (Royal College of Radiologists (Great Britain))·2023

Same author

Detection of multi-class pesticide residues with surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy.

Spectrochimica acta. Part A, Molecular and biomolecular spectroscopy·2021

Same author

Association of the Brain-derived Neurotrophic Factor Val66Met Polymorphism with Body Mass Index, Fasting Glucose Levels and Lipid Status in Adolescents.

Balkan journal of medical genetics : BJMG·2020

Same author

Three cooperative mechanisms required for recovery after brain damage.

Scientific reports·2019

Search research articles

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jul 8, 2026

Humanized NOG Mice for Intravaginal HIV Exposure and Treatment of HIV Infection

Humanized NOG Mice for Intravaginal HIV Exposure and Treatment of HIV Infection

Published on: January 31, 2020

[Early intervention in HIV infection].

M Gotić, Z Rolović, I Elezović

Srpski Arhiv Za Celokupno Lekarstvo

|November 1, 1992

Summary

This summary is machine-generated.

Early zidovudine treatment for HIV infection delays AIDS progression and prolongs symptom-free stages. This intervention significantly impacts long-term outcomes for individuals with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV).

More Related Videos

Humanized NOD/SCID/IL2rγnull (hu-NSG) Mouse Model for HIV Replication and Latency Studies

Humanized NOD/SCID/IL2rγ^null (hu-NSG) Mouse Model for HIV Replication and Latency Studies

Published on: January 7, 2019

An Affordable HIV-1 Drug Resistance Monitoring Method for Resource Limited Settings

An Affordable HIV-1 Drug Resistance Monitoring Method for Resource Limited Settings

Published on: March 30, 2014

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Jul 8, 2026

Humanized NOG Mice for Intravaginal HIV Exposure and Treatment of HIV Infection

Humanized NOG Mice for Intravaginal HIV Exposure and Treatment of HIV Infection

Published on: January 31, 2020

Humanized NOD/SCID/IL2rγnull (hu-NSG) Mouse Model for HIV Replication and Latency Studies

Humanized NOD/SCID/IL2rγ^null (hu-NSG) Mouse Model for HIV Replication and Latency Studies

Published on: January 7, 2019

An Affordable HIV-1 Drug Resistance Monitoring Method for Resource Limited Settings

An Affordable HIV-1 Drug Resistance Monitoring Method for Resource Limited Settings

Published on: March 30, 2014

Area of Science:

Virology
Immunology
Clinical Medicine

Context:

Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection naturally progresses to Acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) over time.
Previous research indicated zidovudine improved survival in advanced HIV disease.
Early intervention strategies were explored to delay AIDS onset and extend asymptomatic periods.

Purpose:

To review findings from ACTG 019 and ACTG 016 clinical studies.
To evaluate the efficacy of early zidovudine intervention in HIV-infected individuals.
To determine if zidovudine delays disease progression and prolongs the symptom-free clinical stage.

Summary:

Long-term follow-up showed similar AIDS progression rates regardless of HIV acquisition route, with ~50% developing AIDS within 10 years.
Zidovudine treatment initiated in early HIV infection stages, before AIDS development, reduced disease progression.
Studies ACTG 019 and ACTG 016 demonstrated benefits of early zidovudine intervention.

Impact:

Zidovudine's efficacy in early HIV stages led to FDA approval for asymptomatic and symptomatic individuals with CD4 counts <500/mm3.
The findings shifted treatment paradigms towards earlier intervention in HIV management.
This research significantly improved the long-term prognosis for individuals living with HIV.