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Disorders of the Male Reproductive System01:20

Disorders of the Male Reproductive System

Men's health issues are increasingly recognized as significant, with several conditions posing common threats. Among these, testicular cancer is especially prevalent in younger men, particularly those aged 20 to 35 years. The disease often manifests as a painless mass in the testicles, sometimes accompanied by a sensation of heaviness or a dull ache.
Prostate disorders are another major concern. These conditions can impair urinary flow due to the prostate's location around the urethra. Symptoms...

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Microarray-based Identification of Individual HERV Loci Expression: Application to Biomarker Discovery in Prostate Cancer
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Published on: November 2, 2013

Prostate-specific antigen screening and mortality from prostate cancer.

Stephen W Marcella1, George G Rhoads, Jeffrey L Carson

  • 1Department of Epidemiology, UMDNJ-School of Public Health, Piscataway, NJ 08854, USA. marcelsw@umdnj.edu

Journal of General Internal Medicine
|January 4, 2008
PubMed
Summary

Prostate-specific antigen (PSA) screening did not reduce prostate cancer mortality in New Jersey men. This case-control study found no evidence that PSA testing protected against fatal outcomes from the disease.

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Area of Science:

  • Urology
  • Oncology
  • Public Health

Background:

  • Randomized trial evidence on early prostate cancer detection improving health outcomes is lacking.
  • Prostate-specific antigen (PSA) testing is widely used for prostate cancer screening.
  • The study addresses the uncertainty surrounding PSA screening's impact on mortality.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To determine if prostate-specific antigen (PSA) screening decreases prostate cancer mortality.
  • To evaluate the effectiveness of PSA screening in preventing deaths from prostate cancer.

Main Methods:

  • A case-control study design was employed, matching 380 prostate cancer decedents (diagnosed 1989-1999, ages 55-79) with living controls.
  • Data were collected from medical records, focusing on PSA test history from 1989 to diagnosis.
  • The odds ratio was used to compare screening status (ever screened vs. never screened) between cases and controls.

Main Results:

  • PSA screening was present in 23.2-29.2% of cases and 21.8-26.1% of controls.
  • The unadjusted odds ratio for prostate cancer mortality among ever-screened individuals ranged from 1.09 to 1.19.
  • Adjustments for comorbidity and education did not alter the findings, indicating no significant protective effect of PSA screening.

Conclusions:

  • Prostate-specific antigen (PSA) screening, based on an ever/never tabulation from 1989-2000, did not demonstrate a protective effect against prostate cancer mortality in New Jersey men.
  • The study suggests that current PSA screening practices may not be effectively reducing deaths from prostate cancer in this population.