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Phosphorus-31 Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy: A Tool for Measuring In Vivo Mitochondrial Oxidative Phosphorylation Capacity in Human Skeletal Muscle

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Metabolic syndrome pandemic.

Scott M Grundy¹

¹Center for Human Nutrition, Department of Clinical Nutrition, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center at Dallas, 5323 Harry Hines Boulevard, Y3.206, Dallas, TX 75390-9052, USA. scott.grundy@utsouthwestern.edu

Arteriosclerosis, Thrombosis, and Vascular Biology

|January 5, 2008

Summary

Metabolic syndrome, a cluster of risk factors including obesity and high blood sugar, doubles cardiovascular disease risk and increases type 2 diabetes risk fivefold. Its global prevalence is concerning, affecting 20-30% of adults worldwide.

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Phosphorus-31 Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy: A Tool for Measuring In Vivo Mitochondrial Oxidative Phosphorylation Capacity in Human Skeletal Muscle

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Pulse-Wave Velocity, Flow-Mediated Dilation, and Carotid Intima-Media Thickness to Assess Cardiovascular Risk in Population with Metabolic Syndrome

Pulse-Wave Velocity, Flow-Mediated Dilation, and Carotid Intima-Media Thickness to Assess Cardiovascular Risk in Population with Metabolic Syndrome

Published on: September 27, 2024

Area of Science:

Cardiology
Endocrinology
Public Health

Background:

Metabolic syndrome is a cluster of risk factors including dyslipidemia, hypertension, and hyperglycemia.
It is associated with prothrombotic and proinflammatory states.
Individuals with metabolic syndrome face a doubled risk of cardiovascular disease and a fivefold increased risk of type 2 diabetes.

Purpose of the Study:

To review the global prevalence of metabolic syndrome.
To highlight the importance of recognizing the aggregation of risk factors.
To emphasize the role of obesity and sedentary lifestyles in the syndrome's etiology.

Main Methods:

This is a review article, synthesizing existing evidence on the prevalence of metabolic syndrome.
The review examines data from various countries and populations.
Focus is placed on the clustering of metabolic risk factors.

Main Results:

Metabolic syndrome affects an estimated 20% to 30% of the adult population globally.
Prevalence varies by region, with higher rates in developed countries and among older populations.
Lower prevalence is observed in developing regions with predominantly young populations, but is expected to rise.

Conclusions:

The aggregation of metabolic risk factors, particularly obesity and sedentary habits, warrants clinical attention.
The rising global prevalence of metabolic syndrome necessitates public health strategies.
Understanding the worldwide distribution of metabolic syndrome is crucial for targeted interventions.