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Biochemical Measurement of Neonatal Hypoxia
13:13

Biochemical Measurement of Neonatal Hypoxia

Published on: August 24, 2011

Neonatal diabetes

J P H Shield1

  • 1Bristol Royal Hospital for Children, Department of Child Health, Bristol, UK. j.p.h.shield@bristol.ac.uk

Hormone Research
|February 7, 2008
PubMed

Insights

Neonatal diabetes mellitus results from genetic conditions affecting pancreatic development or function. Advances in understanding specific types are improving treatment options for affected infants.

Area of Science:

  • Genetics
  • Endocrinology
  • Developmental Biology

Background:

  • Nine genetic conditions causing neonatal diabetes mellitus identified in 12 years.
  • Pathways include pancreatic development failure, islet cell dysfunction, and beta-cell destruction.
  • Focus on three conditions with recent advances in pathology and treatment.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review advances in understanding neonatal diabetes mellitus.
  • To highlight progress in three specific genetic conditions: transient neonatal diabetes mellitus, permanent neonatal diabetes due to channelopathies, and immune dysregulation, polyendocrinopathy, enteropathy X-linked syndrome.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of genetic conditions causing neonatal diabetes mellitus.
  • Focus on recent research concerning pancreatic development and islet cell function.
  • Analysis of treatment strategies for specific neonatal diabetes subtypes.

Main Results:

  • Significant progress in understanding the pathology of transient neonatal diabetes mellitus.
  • Enhanced knowledge of permanent neonatal diabetes linked to channelopathies.
  • Increased insights into immune dysregulation, polyendocrinopathy, enteropathy X-linked syndrome.

Conclusions:

  • Effective neonatal diabetes treatment hinges on understanding disease mechanisms.
  • Expanding knowledge of pancreatic development and physiology offers new treatment avenues for some patients.
Abstract

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