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A Novel In vitro Model for Studying the Interactions Between Human Whole Blood and Endothelium
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Factors influencing white-coat effect.

Efstathios D Manios1, Eleni A Koroboki, Georgios K Tsivgoulis

  • 1Department of Clinical Therapeutics, Alexandra Hospital, University of Athens, Athens, Greece. stathismanios@yahoo.gr

American Journal of Hypertension
|January 5, 2008
PubMed
Summary

The white-coat effect (WCE), a rise in blood pressure during clinic visits, is influenced by factors including gender, age, and smoking. Daytime blood pressure variability also significantly impacts the magnitude of this effect.

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Area of Science:

  • Cardiology
  • Hypertension Research
  • Clinical Measurement

Background:

  • The white-coat effect (WCE) describes the transient increase in blood pressure (BP) observed during clinical visits.
  • Understanding factors influencing WCE is crucial for accurate hypertension diagnosis and management.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the independent determinants influencing the magnitude of the white-coat effect.
  • To identify demographic and physiological factors associated with WCE.

Main Methods:

  • 2004 subjects underwent simultaneous office BP measurements and 24-hour ambulatory BP monitoring (ABPM).
  • WCE was calculated as the difference between office and average daytime ambulatory BP.
  • Multiple linear regression models were used to identify independent predictors of WCE.

Main Results:

  • Mean systolic and diastolic WCE were 9 ± 16 mmHg and 7 ± 12 mmHg, respectively.
  • Independent determinants of systolic WCE included office systolic BP, female gender, daytime systolic BP variability, age, and smoking.
  • Increased daytime BP variability was significantly correlated with higher systolic and diastolic WCE.

Conclusions:

  • Gender, age, smoking status, and both office and daytime BP variability are significant influences on the white-coat effect.
  • These findings highlight the multifactorial nature of WCE and its clinical implications.