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Related Concept Videos

Metastasis02:30

Metastasis

Metastasis is the spread of cancer cells from the original site to distant locations in the body. Cancer cells can spread via blood vessels (hematogenous) as well as lymph vessels in the body.
Epithelial-to-Mesenchymal Transition
The epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition or EMT is a developmental process commonly observed in wound healing, embryogenesis, and cancer metastasis. EMT is induced by transforming growth factor-beta (TGF-β) or receptor tyrosine kinase (RTK) ligands, which further...

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Sentinel node mapping for node positive oral cancer: potential to predict multiple metastasis.

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Summary

Sentinel lymph node mapping in tongue cancer helps identify metastasis. Absence of radioactivity in clinically positive nodes suggests potential spread to other lymph nodes.

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Area of Science:

  • Oncology
  • Nuclear Medicine
  • Surgical Pathology

Background:

  • Head and neck cancers, particularly squamous cell carcinoma of the tongue, often present with clinically positive neck metastasis.
  • Accurate staging of lymph node involvement is crucial for treatment planning and prognosis in these patients.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate the efficacy of sentinel lymph node (SLN) mapping using a radiotracer for clinically positive neck metastasis in tongue cancer patients.
  • To assess the correlation between radiotracer accumulation in lymph nodes and the presence and extent of metastasis.

Main Methods:

  • Ten patients with squamous cell carcinoma of the tongue and clinically positive neck nodes underwent SLN biopsy.
  • A 99mTc-labeled rhenium sulfide radiotracer was injected around the tumor, and sentinel nodes were identified by radioactivity detection.
  • Lymph nodes were pathologically examined, and the ratio of metastatic area (RMA) was measured.

Main Results:

  • In 50% of cases, all metastatic lymph nodes showed radioactive accumulation.
  • In one case, a metastatic node without radioactivity was observed.
  • In 40% of cases, no metastatic nodes exhibited radioactivity.
  • Lymph nodes with higher RMA showed less or no radioactivity, suggesting a potential limitation of the technique in detecting extensive metastasis.

Conclusions:

  • Sentinel lymph node mapping can aid in identifying metastatic nodes in tongue cancer.
  • The absence of radioactivity in clinically positive nodes may indicate metastasis to other lymph nodes or extensive involvement within the detected node.
  • Further refinement of the sentinel node technique is needed for improved detection of lymph node metastasis in head and neck cancers.