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Related Concept Videos

Viral Replication: Lysogenic Cycle01:16

Viral Replication: Lysogenic Cycle

The lysogenic cycle is a crucial viral replication strategy that allows bacteriophages to persist within host cells without immediately destroying them. This process is primarily observed in temperate phages, such as bacteriophage lambda (λ), which infects Escherichia coli. The cycle allows the viral genome to persist across bacterial generations while keeping host cells viable.Integration of the Viral GenomeUpon infection, bacteriophage lambda attaches to the bacterial surface and injects its...
DNA Bacteriophages01:26

DNA Bacteriophages

Bacteriophages, or phages, are viruses that specifically infect bacteria, utilizing their genetic material to hijack host cellular machinery for replication. DNA bacteriophages employ single-stranded DNA (ssDNA) or double-stranded DNA (dsDNA) genomes. These phages exhibit diverse replication strategies and host interactions, influencing their ecological roles and applications in biotechnology and medicine.ssDNA BacteriophagesssDNA phages, with their small genomes, utilize unique strategies to...
Lytic Cycle of Bacteriophages01:30

Lytic Cycle of Bacteriophages

Bacteriophages, also known as phages, are specialized viruses that infect bacteria. A key characteristic of phages is their distinctive “head-tail” morphology. A phage begins the infection process (i.e., lytic cycle) by attaching to the outside of a bacterial cell. Attachment is accomplished via proteins in the phage tail that bind to specific receptor proteins on the outer surface of the bacterium. The tail injects the phage’s DNA genome into the bacterial cytoplasm. In the lytic replication...
Viral Replication: Lytic Cycle01:20

Viral Replication: Lytic Cycle

Bacteriophages, or phages, are viruses that specifically infect bacteria. Among them, T-even bacteriophages, such as T4, exhibit a well-characterized lytic replication cycle in Escherichia coli (E. coli). This process ensures the rapid proliferation of the virus while ultimately leading to the destruction of the bacterial host.Attachment and DNA InjectionThe infection process begins with the recognition and binding of the T4 phage to the E. coli cell surface. Tail fibers of the phage...
Lysogenic Cycle of Bacteriophages00:43

Lysogenic Cycle of Bacteriophages

In contrast to the lytic cycle, phages infecting bacteria via the lysogenic cycle do not immediately kill their host cell. Instead, they combine their genome with the host genome, allowing the bacteria to replicate the phage DNA along with the bacterial genome. The incorporated copy of the phage genome is called the prophage. Some prophages can re-activate and enter the lytic cycle. This often occurs in response to a perturbation, such as DNA damage, but can also transpire in the absence of...
Transformation01:26

Transformation

Microbial communities are dynamic environments where cell lysis releases free DNA into the surroundings. Other cells can take up this extracellular DNA through a process known as transformation.When a cell incorporates this foreign DNA into its genome, resulting in genetic modification, the process is known as transformation. Cells capable of this process are termed competent. Competence can be natural, as observed in certain bacteria and archaea, or artificially induced in the...

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Following Cell-fate in E. coli After Infection by Phage Lambda
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Published on: October 14, 2011

Development of a simple cell lysis method for recombinant DNA using bacteriophage lambda lysis genes.

Boyun Jang1, Yuna Jung, Dongbin Lim

  • 1Department of Bioinformatics and Life Science, Soongsil University, Seoul, Republic of Korea.

Journal of Microbiology (Seoul, Korea)
|January 8, 2008
PubMed
Summary

Researchers developed a simple cell lysis method by inserting bacteriophage lambda lysis genes into an expression vector. This efficient technique simplifies protein purification and other applications requiring extensive cell breakage.

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Area of Science:

  • Molecular Biology
  • Biotechnology
  • Recombinant Protein Production

Background:

  • Efficient cell lysis is crucial for releasing intracellular proteins for various biological applications.
  • Traditional cell lysis methods can be time-consuming, inefficient, or require specialized equipment.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop a straightforward and effective method for bacterial cell lysis.
  • To engineer the pET22b expression vector with a bacteriophage lambda lysis gene cluster for enhanced cell disruption.

Main Methods:

  • Insertion of the bacteriophage lambda lysis gene cluster (Sam7 and R) downstream of a target protein gene within the pET22b expression vector.
  • Evaluation of the engineered vector's impact on cellular growth and target protein production.
  • Comparison of cell lysis efficiency using freeze-thaw cycles versus sonication.

Main Results:

  • The modified pET22b vector, containing the lysis genes, did not negatively affect cell growth or target protein yield.
  • Induction of the T7 promoter did not cause premature cell autolysis.
  • Both freeze-thaw cycles and sonication effectively disintegrated cells and released proteins, with freeze-thaw proving simple and reliable.

Conclusions:

  • The engineered pET22b vector provides a simple, efficient, and reliable method for cell lysis.
  • This technique is suitable for applications demanding extensive cell breakage, such as protein purification, library screening, and culture condition exploration.