Related Experiment Video
Updated: Jul 8, 2026

Synthesis of Masarimycin, a Small Molecule Inhibitor of Gram-Positive Bacterial Growth
Published on: January 7, 2022
Inhibition of DNA gyrase activity by Mycobacterium smegmatis MurI
Sugopa Sengupta1, Valakunja Nagaraja
1Department of Microbiology and Cell Biology, Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore, India.
Abstract:
Glutamate racemase (MurI) catalyzes the interconversion of l-glutamate to d-glutamate, one of the essential amino acids present in the peptidoglycan. In addition to this essential enzymatic function, MurI from Escherichia coli, Bacillus subtilis and Mycobacterium tuberculosis inhibit DNA gyrase activity. A single gene for murI found in the Mycobacterium smegmatis genome was cloned and overexpressed in a homologous expression system to obtain a highly soluble enzyme. In addition to the racemization activity, M. smegmatis MurI inhibits DNA gyrase activity by preventing DNA binding of gyrase. The sequestration of the gyrase by MurI results in inhibition of all reactions catalyzed by DNA gyrase. More importantly, MurI overexpression in vivo in mycobacterial cells provides protection against the action of ciprofloxacin. The DNA gyrase-inhibitory property thus appears to be a typical characteristic of MurI and would have probably evolved to either modulate the function of the essential housekeeping enzyme or to provide protection to gyrase against gyrase inhibitors, which cause double-strand breaks in the genome.
Related Concept Videos
Inhibitors of Bacterial DNA Synthesis
Inhibitors of Gram-positive Cell Wall Synthesis
Inhibitors of Bacterial Protein Synthesis
Gene Regulation in Microbial Communities: Quorum Sensing

