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Updated: Jul 8, 2026

Optimized Procedure for Determining the Adsorption of Phosphonates onto Granular Ferric Hydroxide using a Miniaturized Phosphorus Determination Method

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Phosphorus sorbing materials: sorption dynamics and physicochemical characteristics.

J W Leader¹, E J Dunne, K R Reddy

¹Wor-Wic Community College, 32000 Campus Drive, Salisbury, MD 21804, USA.

Journal of Environmental Quality

|January 8, 2008

Summary

By-product materials effectively sorb phosphorus (P), reducing soil-to-water loss. Iron and calcium drinking water treatment residuals (DWTRs), aluminum, and humate show high P sorption capacity and potential as soil amendments.

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Optimized Procedure for Determining the Adsorption of Phosphonates onto Granular Ferric Hydroxide using a Miniaturized Phosphorus Determination Method

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Area of Science:

Environmental Science
Soil Science
Water Quality Management

Background:

Phosphorus (P) loss from soil to water is a significant environmental concern.
Management practices can be enhanced by using materials that sorb P.
By-product materials offer a potential solution for P management.

Purpose of the Study:

To evaluate the phosphorus sorption and desorption potential of various by-product materials.
To characterize the physicochemical properties of these P sorbing materials.
To identify materials suitable for reducing P loss and potentially improving soil health.

Main Methods:

Selected twelve by-product materials for evaluation.
Measured P sorption and desorption potentials.
Analyzed physicochemical characteristics, including P sorption capacity (Smax) and equilibrium P concentration (EPC(0)).
Conducted kinetic studies and P fractionation.

Main Results:

P sorption potentials ranged from 66 to 990 mg kg(-1).
Iron (Fe) and calcium (Ca) drinking water treatment residuals (DWTRs), aluminum, and humate materials demonstrated substantial P removal and low desorption.
Humate exhibited the highest maximum P sorption capacity (Smax).
Fe-DWTR, Ca-DWTR, aluminum, and magnesium by-product rapidly removed P within 4 hours.
Ca- and Fe-DWTR, and magnesium by-product also contain plant nutrients and can improve soil properties.

Conclusions:

Certain by-product materials, including DWTRs, aluminum, and humate, are effective P sorbents.
These materials have potential for reducing P loss to water and can serve as soil amendments.
The use of these materials offers a dual benefit for water quality and soil improvement.