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Related Concept Videos

Brain Imaging01:14

Brain Imaging

Brain imaging technologies provide critical insights into both the structure and function of the human brain, enabling medical professionals and researchers to diagnose, study, and treat neurological disorders or psychiatric disorders more effectively.
These technologies include computerized axial tomography (CAT or CT scans), positron-emission tomography (PET scans),  magnetic resonance imaging (MRI),  functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI), and Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation (TMS).

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Probing the Brain in Autism Using fMRI and Diffusion Tensor Imaging
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Corpus callosum in patients with obsessive-compulsive disorder: diffusion-tensor imaging study.

Yukiko Saito1, Kenji Nobuhara, Gaku Okugawa

  • 1Department of Neuropsychiatry, Kansai Medical University, 10-15 Fumizono-cho, Moriguchi City, Osaka, 570-8506, Japan. saitoyu@takii.kmu.ac.jp

Radiology
|January 9, 2008
PubMed
Summary

Obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) patients show reduced white matter integrity in the corpus callosum rostrum. This microstructural abnormality in the corpus callosum (CC) correlates with symptom severity in OCD.

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Area of Science:

  • Neuroimaging
  • Neuroscience
  • Psychiatry

Background:

  • Obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) is a debilitating mental health condition.
  • White matter abnormalities in the corpus callosum (CC) are implicated in OCD pathophysiology.
  • Diffusion-tensor imaging (DTI) is a key technique for assessing white matter microstructure.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To prospectively investigate microstructural white matter differences in the CC of patients with OCD compared to controls.
  • To explore the relationship between CC diffusion-tensor imaging metrics and OCD symptom severity.

Main Methods:

  • 16 patients with OCD and 16 matched healthy controls underwent DTI scans.
  • Fractional anisotropy (FA) and mean diffusivity were measured in five CC subdivisions.
  • Paired t-tests compared DTI measures between groups; correlations assessed symptom severity.

Main Results:

  • No significant differences in mean diffusivity were found in any CC subdivision.
  • A significant reduction in FA was observed in the rostrum of the CC in OCD patients (P < .001).
  • Higher FA in the rostrum correlated with lower Yale-Brown Obsessive-Compulsive Scale scores (r = -0.72, P = .002).

Conclusions:

  • Findings support the involvement of the orbital prefrontal region in OCD.
  • Orbitofrontal circuit dysfunction may influence symptom severity in OCD patients.
  • Reduced FA in the CC rostrum may serve as a potential imaging biomarker for OCD.