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Related Concept Videos

Phase Contrast and Differential Interference Contrast Microscopy01:26

Phase Contrast and Differential Interference Contrast Microscopy

Phase-Contrast Microscopes
In-phase-contrast microscopes, interference between light directly passing through a cell and light refracted by cellular components is used to create high-contrast, high-resolution images without staining. It is the oldest and simplest type of microscope that creates an image by altering the wavelengths of light rays passing through the specimen. Altered wavelength paths are created using an annular stop in the condenser. The annular stop produces a hollow cone of...
Total Internal Reflection Fluorescence Microscopy01:05

Total Internal Reflection Fluorescence Microscopy

Total internal reflection fluorescence microscopy or TIRF is an advanced microscopic technique used to visualize fluorophores in samples close to a solid surface with a higher refractive index, such as a glass coverslip. TIRF only allows fluorophores in proximity to the solid surface to be excited. When light from a medium with a lower refractive index (such as air) hits the glass coverslip at a critical angle, the light undergoes total internal reflection stead of passing through the glass.
Infrared (IR) Spectroscopy: Overview01:09

Infrared (IR) Spectroscopy: Overview

When electromagnetic radiation passes through a material, atoms or molecules transition from a lower to a higher energy state by absorbing radiation corresponding to the energy difference between the two states. The absorption of infrared (IR) radiation causes transitions between vibrational energy levels in a molecule. Therefore, IR spectroscopy is a useful analytical tool for determining the molecular structure of molecules.
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Interference and Diffraction02:18

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There are two main infrared (IR) spectrophotometers: dispersive IR spectrometers and Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectrometers. In a dispersive IR spectrometer, a beam of infrared radiation produced by a hot wire is divided into two parallel equal-intensity beams using mirrors. One beam passes through the sample, while another is a reference beam. The beams then move through the monochromator, which separates the radiations into a continuous spectrum of different frequencies. The...
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jul 8, 2026

Micro/Nano-scale Strain Distribution Measurement from Sampling Moiré Fringes
06:56

Micro/Nano-scale Strain Distribution Measurement from Sampling Moiré Fringes

Published on: May 23, 2017

Thermal-insensitive moiré interferometry.

J McKelvie

    Optics Letters
    |January 1, 1997
    PubMed
    Summary

    This study introduces a new optical method using moiré interferometry for measuring surface strain at high temperatures. The technique successfully demonstrated strain measurement even when beams passed through a blowtorch flame.

    Area of Science:

    • Optics and Photonics
    • Materials Science
    • Experimental Physics

    Background:

    • Measuring surface strain at elevated temperatures presents significant challenges.
    • Traditional optical methods may be limited by environmental conditions like heat and turbulence.
    • Coherent optics offer potential for high-precision measurements in demanding environments.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To develop and demonstrate an optical arrangement for measuring surface displacement and strain at nonambient temperatures.
    • To adapt moiré interferometry for use with coherent optics under challenging thermal conditions.
    • To validate the proposed method through a practical demonstration.

    Main Methods:

    • Utilized a novel optical arrangement employing coherent optics.

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  • Applied the technique of moiré interferometry.
  • Employed illumination at grazing incidence.
  • Conducted a demonstration involving beams passing through a blowtorch flame.
  • Main Results:

    • Successfully measured one component of relative displacement and corresponding strain on a surface.
    • The method proved effective even with optical interference from a blowtorch flame.
    • Demonstrated the principle's viability in nonambient temperature conditions.

    Conclusions:

    • The devised optical arrangement enables accurate measurement of surface strain at high temperatures.
    • Moiré interferometry with grazing incidence is a robust technique for challenging environments.
    • This method offers a new tool for materials analysis and structural health monitoring at elevated temperatures.