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Related Concept Videos

Autoregulation of Blood Flow01:17

Autoregulation of Blood Flow

Autoregulation mechanisms are characterized by their inherent capacity for self-regulation without necessitating specific nervous stimulation or endocrine control. These mechanisms facilitate the adjustment of blood flow and, therefore, perfusion specific to each tissue region. This self-regulation encompasses chemical signals and myogenic controls.
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Resting Membrane Potential01:24

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jul 8, 2026

Microelectrode Impalement Method to Record Membrane Potential from a Cannulated Middle Cerebral Artery
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Published on: July 2, 2019

Membrane current oscillations in descending vasa recta pericytes.

Qingli Zhang1, Chunhua Cao, Zhong Zhang

  • 1Department of Medicine, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA.

American Journal of Physiology. Renal Physiology
|January 11, 2008
PubMed
Summary

Angiotensin II triggers calcium oscillations in kidney pericytes, driving chloride currents. These oscillations are regulated by calcium release and refilling, impacting kidney function.

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Last Updated: Jul 8, 2026

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Published on: September 12, 2015

Area of Science:

  • Physiology
  • Renal Physiology
  • Cellular Electrophysiology

Background:

  • Descending vasa recta (DVR) pericytes play a crucial role in regulating renal blood flow.
  • Spontaneous transient inward current (STIC) oscillations are observed in DVR pericytes, but their underlying mechanisms are not fully understood.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the origin and mechanisms of STIC oscillations in DVR pericytes.
  • To elucidate the role of calcium signaling and ion transport in these oscillations.

Main Methods:

  • Electrophysiological recordings (voltage clamp) in DVR pericytes.
  • Simultaneous measurement of intracellular calcium ([Ca(2+)](CYT)) and membrane currents.
  • Confocal microscopy using fluo-4 to visualize calcium dynamics.
  • Pharmacological manipulation using specific inhibitors and activators of ion channels and calcium stores.

Main Results:

  • Angiotensin II (ANG II) induced synchronized oscillations in pericyte [Ca(2+)](CYT) and membrane currents.
  • Oscillating currents were identified as chloride currents, reversing at -30.2 mV and blocked by niflumic acid.
  • Oscillations were dependent on extracellular calcium and sensitive to blockers of calcium influx (SKF96365) and release (ryanodine, caffeine).
  • Removal of extracellular sodium and L-type calcium channel blockers did not affect oscillations.
  • Ouabain increased basal [Ca(2+)](CYT) and resting STIC frequency but not ANG II-induced oscillations.

Conclusions:

  • [Ca(2+)](CYT) oscillations are the primary drivers of STIC oscillations in DVR pericytes.
  • These calcium oscillations are maintained by a cycle of ryanodine-sensitive sarcoplasmic reticulum (SR) calcium release and SKF96365-sensitive store refilling.
  • The findings implicate chloride currents and calcium signaling in the regulation of DVR pericyte function.