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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jul 8, 2026

Low-cost Custom Fabrication and Mode-locked Operation of an All-normal-dispersion Femtosecond Fiber Laser for Multiphoton Microscopy
08:48

Low-cost Custom Fabrication and Mode-locked Operation of an All-normal-dispersion Femtosecond Fiber Laser for Multiphoton Microscopy

Published on: November 22, 2019

High-power continuous-wave upconversion fiber laser at room temperature.

T Sandrock, H Scheife, E Heumann

    Optics Letters
    |June 1, 1997
    PubMed
    Summary

    We achieved red spectral region laser emission using a Praseodymium (Pr), Ytterbium (Yb)-doped fluoride fiber. A photon avalanche process strongly contributed to the laser level population, enabling efficient light generation.

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    Area of Science:

    • Materials Science
    • Optics and Photonics
    • Laser Physics

    Background:

    • Fluoride fibers offer unique optical properties for laser applications.
    • Doping with Praseodymium (Pr) and Ytterbium (Yb) can lead to visible and infrared laser emissions.
    • Continuous wave (cw) laser operation is desirable for many photonic applications.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To demonstrate cw laser emission in the red spectral region using a novel Pr, Yb-doped fluoride fiber.
    • To investigate the underlying mechanisms, including the photon avalanche process, responsible for laser level population.
    • To optimize output power by varying pump conditions.

    Main Methods:

    • Fabrication of a Pr, Yb-doped ZrF(4)-BaF(2)-LaF(3)-AlF(3)-NaF fiber.
    • Utilizing a Titanium-sapphire (Ti:sapphire) laser for optical pumping at 850 nm.

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    Last Updated: Jul 8, 2026

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    Published on: November 22, 2019

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  • Characterizing laser emission at 635 nm and measuring output power under different pump powers.

    • Main Results:

    • Achieved cw laser emission at lambda(L)=635 nm.
    • Obtained a maximum output power of 675 mW with 3.37 W of incident pump power.
    • Increased output power to 1020 mW using two Ti:sapphire lasers (5.51 W pump power).
    • Identified a significant contribution from a photon avalanche process to the upper laser level population.

    Conclusions:

    • The Pr, Yb-doped fluoride fiber is a viable material for red spectral region laser emission.
    • The photon avalanche process plays a crucial role in achieving efficient laser operation.
    • The demonstrated output power levels indicate potential for practical applications.