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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jul 8, 2026

The Application of 1% Methylene Blue Dye As a Single Technique in Breast Cancer Sentinel Node Biopsy
07:51

The Application of 1% Methylene Blue Dye As a Single Technique in Breast Cancer Sentinel Node Biopsy

Published on: June 1, 2019

Methylene blue dye--a safe and effective alternative for sentinel lymph node localization.

Philip Varghese1, Alaa Talaat Abdel-Rahman, Samira Akberali

  • 1Breast Unit, St Bartholomew's Hospital, Queen Mary University of London, United Kingdom. drphilipv90@yahoo.com

The Breast Journal
|January 12, 2008
PubMed
Summary

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Methylene blue (MB) is a safe and effective dye for sentinel lymph node (SLN) localization in breast cancer staging. This study found MB comparable to traditional dyes, with no major adverse reactions, making it a viable alternative.

Area of Science:

  • Oncology
  • Surgical Pathology
  • Medical Imaging

Background:

  • Sentinel lymph node (SLN) biopsy is crucial for axillary staging in breast cancer.
  • Current SLN techniques often use isosulfan blue/patent blue V with radioactive tracers.
  • Methylene blue (MB) presents a cost-effective and accessible alternative dye.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate the safety and efficacy of methylene blue (MB) for SLN localization in early breast cancer patients.
  • To compare MB's performance against established SLN localization methods.

Main Methods:

  • Retrospective analysis of 329 early breast cancer patients undergoing SLN localization.
  • Patients were randomized to receive either 1% MB alone or a combination of MB and radio colloid tracer.

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Last Updated: Jul 8, 2026

The Application of 1% Methylene Blue Dye As a Single Technique in Breast Cancer Sentinel Node Biopsy
07:51

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  • Exclusion criteria included positive lymph nodes, large tumors, prior breast/axillary surgery, and neoadjuvant chemotherapy.

    • Main Results:

    • Methylene blue (MB) demonstrated a high identification rate of 97.6% with no major adverse reactions, only temporary tattooing.
    • The false-negative rate was 3.9%, yielding a negative predictive value of 96.1%.
    • Compared to isosulfan blue/patent blue V, which can cause severe anaphylaxis (1-3%), MB showed a significantly better safety profile.

    Conclusions:

    • Subdermal sub-areolar injection of methylene blue (MB) is a safe and effective method for SLN localization in breast cancer axillary staging.
    • MB offers a readily available, less expensive alternative to conventional dyes with a favorable safety profile.
    • The study supports MB as a practical option for SLN biopsy, reducing risks associated with other tracers.