Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Stability of Conjugated Dienes01:28

Stability of Conjugated Dienes

Introduction
A comparison of the enthalpies of hydrogenation of dienes reveals that conjugated dienes release less heat on hydrogenation, rendering them more stable than their nonconjugated analogs.
π Molecular Orbitals of 1,3-Butadiene01:24

π Molecular Orbitals of 1,3-Butadiene

Conjugated dienes have lower heats of hydrogenation than cumulated and isolated dienes, making them more stable. The enhanced stabilization of conjugated systems can be understood from their π molecular orbitals.
The simplest conjugated diene is 1,3-butadiene: a four-carbon system where each carbon is sp2-hybridized and has an unhybridized p orbital that contains an unpaired electron. According to molecular orbital theory, atomic orbitals combine to form molecular orbitals such that the number...
Structure of Conjugated Dienes01:16

Structure of Conjugated Dienes

Introduction
Conjugated dienes are compounds characterized by the presence of alternating double and single bonds. In a conjugated system like 1,3-butadiene, the unhybridized 2p orbital on each carbon overlaps continuously, allowing the π electrons to be delocalized across the entire molecule. In contrast, this type of overlap does not occur in cumulated and isolated dienes, such as 2,3-pentadiene and 1,4-pentadiene, respectively. Instead, the π electrons remain localized between the double...
Olefin Metathesis Polymerization: Ring-Opening Metathesis Polymerization (ROMP)01:16

Olefin Metathesis Polymerization: Ring-Opening Metathesis Polymerization (ROMP)

Ring-opening metathesis polymerization or ROMP involves strained cycloalkenes as starting materials. The mechanism of ROMP proceeds by reacting cycloalkene with Grubbs catalyst to give metallacyclobutane intermediate which undergoes a ring-opening reaction to form new carbene. The new carbene reacts with another molecule of cycloalkene. Repetition of these steps leads to the formation of an unsaturated open-chain polymer product. All these steps are reversible, however, relieving the ring...
Olefin Metathesis Polymerization: Acyclic Diene Metathesis (ADMET)00:53

Olefin Metathesis Polymerization: Acyclic Diene Metathesis (ADMET)

Acyclic diene metathesis polymerization or ADMET polymerization involves cross-metathesis of terminal dienes, such as 1,8-nonadiene, to give linear unsaturated polymer and ethylene. As ADMET is a reversible process, the formed ethylene gas must be removed from the reaction mixture to complete the polymerization process.
Similar to cross-metathesis, ADMET also involves the formation of metallacyclobutane intermediate by [2+2] cycloaddition of one of the double bonds of a terminal diene with...
[4+2] Cycloaddition of Conjugated Dienes: Diels–Alder Reaction01:16

[4+2] Cycloaddition of Conjugated Dienes: Diels–Alder Reaction

The Diels–Alder reaction is an example of a thermal pericyclic reaction between a conjugated diene and an alkene or alkyne, commonly referred to as a dienophile. The reaction involves a concerted movement of six π electrons, four from the diene and two from the dienophile, forming an unsaturated six-membered ring. As a result, these reactions are classified as [4+2] cycloadditions.

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Bifidobacterial genes upregulated by resistant starch investigated using multi-omics have orthologs in infant gut isolates.

ISME communications·2026
Same author

Continuous invariant-based asymmetries of periodic crystals quantify deviations from higher symmetry.

IUCrJ·2026
Same author

Unveiling Solvent-Mediated Mechanochemical Cocrystallization Pathways by <i>In Situ</i> CLASSIC NMR Spectroscopy.

Molecular pharmaceutics·2026
Same author

Chemist Eye: a visual language model-powered system for safety monitoring and robot decision-making in self-driving laboratories.

Digital discovery·2026
Same author

Correction and removal of expression of concern: Enhanced photocatalytic activity of g-C<sub>3</sub>N<sub>4</sub>/MnO composites for hydrogen evolution under visible light.

Dalton transactions (Cambridge, England : 2003)·2026
Same author

Ectopic Expression of ZmATF2 Encoding a Histone Acetyl-Transferase From Maize Simultaneously Promotes Salt Tolerance and Tillering of Japonica Rice.

Physiologia plantarum·2026

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jul 8, 2026

Layer-by-layer Synthesis and Transfer of Freestanding Conjugated Microporous Polymer Nanomembranes
09:09

Layer-by-layer Synthesis and Transfer of Freestanding Conjugated Microporous Polymer Nanomembranes

Published on: December 15, 2015

Conjugated microporous poly(phenylene butadiynylene)s.

Jia-Xing Jiang1, Fabing Su, Hongjun Niu

  • 1Department of Chemistry and Centre for Materials Discovery, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, UK.

Chemical Communications (Cambridge, England)
|January 12, 2008
PubMed
Summary

High surface area porous polymer networks were synthesized using palladium catalysis. These materials, with BET surface areas up to 842 m(2) g(-1), show promise for various applications.

More Related Videos

Anionic Polymerization of an Amphiphilic Copolymer for Preparation of Block Copolymer Micelles Stabilized by &#960;-&#960; Stacking Interactions
10:53

Anionic Polymerization of an Amphiphilic Copolymer for Preparation of Block Copolymer Micelles Stabilized by π-π Stacking Interactions

Published on: October 10, 2016

Self-assembling Morphologies Obtained from Helical Polycarbodiimide Copolymers and Their Triazole Derivatives
09:22

Self-assembling Morphologies Obtained from Helical Polycarbodiimide Copolymers and Their Triazole Derivatives

Published on: February 7, 2017

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Jul 8, 2026

Layer-by-layer Synthesis and Transfer of Freestanding Conjugated Microporous Polymer Nanomembranes
09:09

Layer-by-layer Synthesis and Transfer of Freestanding Conjugated Microporous Polymer Nanomembranes

Published on: December 15, 2015

Anionic Polymerization of an Amphiphilic Copolymer for Preparation of Block Copolymer Micelles Stabilized by &#960;-&#960; Stacking Interactions
10:53

Anionic Polymerization of an Amphiphilic Copolymer for Preparation of Block Copolymer Micelles Stabilized by π-π Stacking Interactions

Published on: October 10, 2016

Self-assembling Morphologies Obtained from Helical Polycarbodiimide Copolymers and Their Triazole Derivatives
09:22

Self-assembling Morphologies Obtained from Helical Polycarbodiimide Copolymers and Their Triazole Derivatives

Published on: February 7, 2017

Area of Science:

  • Materials Science
  • Polymer Chemistry
  • Organic Synthesis

Background:

  • Porous organic polymers are crucial for applications in gas storage, separation, and catalysis.
  • Developing scalable synthetic routes to high-surface-area porous materials remains a key challenge.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To synthesize high surface area porous poly(phenylene butadiynylene) networks.
  • To investigate the utility of palladium-catalyzed homocoupling for creating these networks.

Main Methods:

  • Palladium-catalyzed homocoupling reaction.
  • Utilized 1,3,5-triethynylbenzene and 1,4-diethynylbenzene as monomers.
  • Characterization of porous networks using BET surface area analysis.

Main Results:

  • Successfully synthesized porous poly(phenylene butadiynylene) networks.
  • Achieved Brunauer-Emmett-Teller (BET) surface areas up to 842 m(2) g(-1).
  • Demonstrated the effectiveness of palladium catalysis in network formation.

Conclusions:

  • Palladium-catalyzed homocoupling is an effective method for producing high surface area porous polymer networks.
  • The synthesized poly(phenylene butadiynylene) networks possess significant porosity suitable for advanced applications.