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Related Concept Videos

NF-κB-dependent Signaling Pathway02:26

NF-κB-dependent Signaling Pathway

The transcription factor NF-κB was discovered in 1986 in the lab of Nobel laureate Professor David Baltimore, for its interaction with the immunoglobulin light chain enhancer in B-cells. After more than three decades of study, it is now evident that NF-κB regulates the expression of over 100 genes. Most of these genes play an essential role in the innate and adaptive immune responses as well as the inflammatory responses of animals.
NF-κB-dependent Signaling Mechanism
The heterodimer of NF-κB...
Co-activators and Co-repressors02:04

Co-activators and Co-repressors

Gene transcription is regulated by the synergistic action of several proteins that form a complex at a gene regulatory site. This is observed in eukaryotes, where the regulation of gene expression is a complex process. Regulatory proteins in eukaryotes can broadly be classified into two types – regulators that bind directly to specific DNA sequences and co-regulators that associate with regulatory proteins but cannot directly bind to the DNA. These co-regulators are further divided into...
Receptor Downregulation in MVBs01:15

Receptor Downregulation in MVBs

Multivesicular bodies (MVBs) are mature endosomes that sort ubiquitinated proteins and then fuse with lysosomes to degrade the sorted proteins. Epidermal growth factor (EGF) and its receptor (EGFR) form a complex that can be internalized through endocytosis, sorted into an MVB, and later degraded.
The EGFR can initiate signaling pathways that  lead to cell proliferation, migration, and differentiation. Overexpression of EGFR  stimulates cells to proliferate. Excessive  EGFR activation may...
The Intrinsic Apoptotic Pathway01:31

The Intrinsic Apoptotic Pathway

Internal cellular stress, such as cellular injury or hypoxia, triggers intrinsic apoptosis. The B-cell lymphoma 2 (Bcl-2) family of proteins are the primary regulators of the intrinsic apoptotic pathway. For example, during DNA damage, checkpoint proteins, such as Ataxia Telangiectasia Mutated (ATM protein) and Checkpoints Factor-2 (Chk2) proteins, are activated. These proteins phosphorylate p53 which further activates pro-apoptotic proteins, such as Bax, Bak, PUMA, and Noxa, and inhibits...
Abnormal Proliferation02:23

Abnormal Proliferation

Under normal conditions, most adult cells remain in a non-proliferative state unless stimulated by internal or external factors to replace lost cells. Abnormal cell proliferation is a condition in which the cell's growth exceeds and is uncoordinated with normal cells. In such situations, cell division persists in the same excessive manner even after cessation of the stimuli, leading to persistent tumors. The tumor arises from the damaged cells that replicate to pass the damage to the daughter...
Cells of the Innate Immune Response01:28

Cells of the Innate Immune Response

The innate immune response is an immediate and non-specific response against pathogens, acting swiftly to prevent the spread of infections. The primary cells involved in this response are phagocytes and natural killer (NK) cells.
Phagocytes
Phagocytes police the peripheral tissues by removing cellular debris and responding to the invasion of foreign substances or pathogens. Many phagocytes attack and remove microorganisms even before lymphocytes detect them. The human body has two general...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jul 8, 2026

A Chromatin Immunoprecipitation Assay to Identify Novel NFAT2 Target Genes in Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia
09:52

A Chromatin Immunoprecipitation Assay to Identify Novel NFAT2 Target Genes in Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia

Published on: December 4, 2018

BCL6 represses NFkappaB activity in diffuse large B-cell lymphomas.

A Perez-Rosado1, Mj Artiga, P Vargiu

  • 1Lymphoma Group, Molecular Pathology Programme, Spanish National Cancer Centre (CNIO), Madrid, Spain.

The Journal of Pathology
|January 15, 2008
PubMed
Summary

This study reveals that BCL6, a key factor in diffuse large B-cell lymphomas (DLBCLs), represses NFkappaB activity. This repression occurs through direct protein interactions, impacting B-cell lymphoma subtypes.

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Last Updated: Jul 8, 2026

A Chromatin Immunoprecipitation Assay to Identify Novel NFAT2 Target Genes in Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia
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Published on: December 4, 2018

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Published on: January 20, 2019

Area of Science:

  • Molecular Biology
  • Oncology
  • Immunology

Background:

  • Deregulation of BCL6 is critical in diffuse large B-cell lymphomas (DLBCLs).
  • DLBCLs comprise GC and ABC subtypes, distinguished by BCL6 and NFkappaB activity, respectively.
  • The precise mechanisms underlying this distinction and BCL6's targets remain incompletely understood.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To elucidate the mechanistic relationship between BCL6 and NFkappaB in DLBCL.
  • To investigate whether BCL6 regulates NFkappaB activity.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized shRNA to silence BCL6 in DLBCL cells.
  • Performed in vitro and in vivo experiments to assess protein-protein interactions between BCL6 and NFkappaB members.
  • Analyzed human DLBCL samples to correlate BCL6 expression with NFkappaB target genes.

Main Results:

  • BCL6 silencing led to increased NFkappaB activity in DLBCL cells.
  • Demonstrated direct protein-protein interactions between BCL6 and NFkappaB members.
  • Observed a negative correlation between NFkappaB target gene expression and BCL6 levels in human DLBCLs.

Conclusions:

  • BCL6 functions as a repressor of NFkappaB activity in B-cells.
  • Protein-protein interactions mediate BCL6's regulation of NFkappaB.
  • Findings enhance understanding of DLBCL subtypes and potential therapeutic targets.