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Periodontal conditions in patients with coronary heart disease: a case-control study

Carin Starkhammar Johansson1, Arina Richter, Asa Lundström

  • 1Centre for Oral Rehabilitation, Linköping, Sweden. carin.starkhammar@lio.se

Journal of Clinical Periodontology
|January 15, 2008
PubMed

Insights

Severe periodontal disease is more common in patients with coronary heart disease (CHD). This oral condition significantly increases the risk of developing CHD, even after accounting for smoking and age.

Area of Science:

  • Cardiovascular Health
  • Periodontology
  • Oral Medicine

Background:

  • Coronary heart disease (CHD) is a leading cause of mortality worldwide.
  • Periodontal disease, a chronic inflammatory condition, affects a significant portion of the adult population.
  • The potential link between periodontal disease and systemic conditions like CHD warrants further investigation.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the prevalence of periodontal conditions in patients diagnosed with coronary heart disease (CHD).
  • To compare periodontal status between CHD patients and a control group without CHD.
  • To determine if periodontal disease is an independent risk factor for CHD.

Main Methods:

  • A case-control study involving 161 CHD patients (severe angina pectoris) and 162 controls.
  • Periodontal status assessed through clinical examination and radiographic bone loss measurement.
  • Periodontal disease experience classified using the Hugoson & Jordan criteria.

Main Results:

  • Higher prevalence of severe periodontal disease (groups 4 and 5) in the CHD group (25%) versus controls (8%).
  • CHD patients exhibited significantly lower tooth counts, more periodontal pockets (4-6mm), and increased bleeding on probing.
  • Periodontal disease (groups 4+5) was associated with an odds ratio of 5.74 for CHD, independent of smoking and age.

Conclusions:

  • Severe periodontal disease is significantly more prevalent in individuals with CHD.
  • Clinical and radiographic indicators of periodontal disease are more common in CHD patients.
  • Periodontal disease emerges as a potential independent risk factor for coronary heart disease.
Abstract

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