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Do enteric neurons make hypocretin?

Christian R Baumann1, Erika L Clark, Nigel P Pedersen

  • 1Department of Neurology, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Institutes of Medicine, Boston, USA. cbaumann@bidmc.harvard.edu

Regulatory Peptides
|January 15, 2008
PubMed
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Researchers investigated enteric hypocretin (orexin) neurons, which were previously thought to be involved in narcolepsy. The study could not find these neurons in the gut, questioning their role in the disease.

Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Gastroenterology

Background:

  • Hypocretins (orexins) are crucial for wakefulness and are deficient in narcolepsy.
  • Hypocretin neurons in the hypothalamus are targeted in narcolepsy, potentially via autoimmunity.
  • Previous research suggested the presence of hypocretin neurons in the enteric nervous system.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the presence and potential loss of enteric hypocretin neurons in narcolepsy.
  • To determine if the enteric nervous system is a potential autoimmune target in narcolepsy.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized multiple techniques including whole mounts and sectioned tissue.
  • Employed pre-treatment of mice with colchicine.
  • Tested various primary antisera for hypocretin detection.

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Main Results:

  • Failed to identify hypocretin-producing cells in enteric nervous tissue from mice.
  • Could not detect hypocretin-producing cells in enteric nervous tissue from normal human subjects.
  • The study did not find evidence of enteric hypocretin neurons.

Conclusions:

  • The existence of functional hypocretin neurons in the enteric nervous system is questionable.
  • Enteric hypocretin neurons are unlikely to be involved in the autoimmune pathology of narcolepsy.