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Related Concept Videos

What is Gene Expression?01:36

What is Gene Expression?

A gene is a stretch of DNA that serves as the blueprint for functional RNAs and proteins. Since DNA is comprised  of nucleotides and proteins are comprised of amino acids, a mediator is required to convert the information encoded in DNA into proteins. This mediator is the messenger RNA (mRNA). mRNA copies the blueprint from DNA by a process called transcription. In eukaryotes, transcription occurs in the nucleus by complementary base-pairing with the DNA template. The mRNA is then processed and...
What is Gene Expression?01:42

What is Gene Expression?

Overview
Gene expression is the process in which DNA directs the synthesis of functional products, that is, proteins. Cells can regulate gene expression at various stages. It allows organisms to generate different cell types and enables cells to adapt to internal and external factors.
Genetic Information Flows from DNA to RNA to Protein
A gene is a stretch of DNA that serves as the blueprint for functional RNAs and proteins. Since DNA is made up of nucleotides and proteins consist of amino...
What is Gene Expression?01:42

What is Gene Expression?

Overview
Gene expression is the process in which DNA directs the synthesis of functional products, that is, proteins. Cells can regulate gene expression at various stages. It allows organisms to generate different cell types and enables cells to adapt to internal and external factors.
Genetic Information Flows from DNA to RNA to Protein
A gene is a stretch of DNA that serves as the blueprint for functional RNAs and proteins. Since DNA is made up of nucleotides and proteins consist of amino...
Structure of a Gene01:30

Structure of a Gene

A gene is the fundamental unit of heredity. Every individual has two copies of each gene, one inherited from each parent. Although most people contain the same genes, there is a small fraction that is slightly different amongst people. A gene with a small difference in its sequence of DNA bases forms different alleles, contributing to different phenotypes.
However, only 1% of the DNA is composed of genes that encode proteins; the rest, 99% is non-coding DNA. This non-coding DNA performs...
Position-effect Variegation02:32

Position-effect Variegation

In 1928, a German botanist Emil Heitz observed the moss nuclei with a DNA binding dye. He observed that while some chromatin regions decondense and spread out in the interphase nucleus, others do not. He termed them euchromatin and heterochromatin, respectively. He proposed that the heterochromatin regions reflect a functionally inactive state of the genome. It was later confirmed that heterochromatin is transcriptionally repressed, and euchromatin is transcriptionally active chromatin.
Gene-Environment Interactions01:20

Gene-Environment Interactions

Gene expression is a dynamic process that is significantly influenced by environmental factors. This interaction underlies the complex nature of biological development and the phenotypic differences observed among individuals, even among those with identical genetic makeups. Factors such as radiation, temperature, behavior, nutrition, and stress play pivotal roles in determining how genes are expressed. The concept of the reaction range is central to understanding this interaction. It posits...

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An Allele-specific Gene Expression Assay to Test the Functional Basis of Genetic Associations
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Published on: November 3, 2010

Dynamic covariation between gene expression and genome characteristics.

Teemu Kivioja1, Timo Tiirikka, Markku Siermala

  • 1Institute of Medical Technology, University of Tampere, Finland.

Gene
|January 15, 2008
PubMed
Summary

This study reveals dynamic correlations between gene sequence features and gene expression patterns across various organisms and biological processes. These findings offer new insights into predicting cellular responses and biological changes.

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Area of Science:

  • Genomics
  • Molecular Biology
  • Bioinformatics

Background:

  • Cellular responses rely on dynamic regulation of gene and protein expression.
  • Previous work established dynamic correlations between gene expression and protein properties.
  • Understanding these regulatory mechanisms is crucial for deciphering cellular behavior.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate correlations between gene-related sequence parameters and gene expression patterns.
  • To identify statistically significant relationships in diverse biological datasets.
  • To explore the utility of these correlations for detecting dynamic shifts in gene expression.

Main Methods:

  • Analysis of microarray datasets from various cell types, organisms, and processes (e.g., human cell stimulation, cell cycle, infection, lifespan).
  • Derivation of numerous sequence-based parameters: nucleotide composition, two-base composition, codon usage, skew parameters, and codon bias.
  • Application of methods to time-course datasets, analyzing coding regions, complete genes, and introns.

Main Results:

  • Statistically significant dynamic correlations were found between gene sequence parameters and gene expression patterns.
  • These correlations were consistent across different cell types, organisms, and biological processes.
  • The method successfully detected dynamic shifts in gene expression profiles, as demonstrated in the Drosophila melanogaster dataset.

Conclusions:

  • Dynamic correlations between gene sequence features and expression patterns are a widespread phenomenon.
  • This approach can identify shifts in gene expression, aiding in the prediction and monitoring of biological processes.
  • Potential applications include understanding growth, differentiation, and related disorders.