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Response functions for computing absorbed dose to skeletal tissues from photon irradiation.

K F Eckerman¹, W E Bolch, M Zankl

¹Life Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN 37831-6480, USA. eckermankf@ornl.gov

Radiation Protection Dosimetry

|January 15, 2008

Summary

Calculating radiation dose in bone is challenging. This study develops new methods for accurate absorbed dose calculations in active marrow and bone surfaces for improved cancer risk assessment.

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Area of Science:

Medical Physics
Radiological Protection
Computational Biology

Background:

Accurate calculation of absorbed dose in skeletal tissues is crucial for radiogenic risk assessment, but poses significant computational challenges due to complex bone structures.
The active marrow and osteoprogenitor cells in bone are critical targets for leukaemia and bone cancer induction, respectively.
Current International Commission on Radiological Protection (ICRP) recommendations for dose averaging in these tissues may evolve, necessitating updated computational models.

Purpose of the Study:

To address the computational difficulties in determining absorbed dose within skeletal tissues.
To develop and outline methods for calculating energy deposition in specific bone regions relevant to cancer induction.
To establish fluence-to-dose-response functions for photon radiation within skeletal tissues.

Main Methods:

Subdividing the skeleton of a computational phantom into key regions: cortical shell, spongiosa, and medullary cavity.
Utilizing Monte Carlo calculations to determine particle fluence within these skeletal subdivisions.
Developing fluence-to-dose-response functions specifically for photon interactions within bone tissues.

Main Results:

A computational phantom model has been developed, segmenting bone structures for voxel-based analysis.
A methodology is presented for calculating energy deposition by multiplying particle fluence with developed response functions.
The paper details the development of photon fluence-to-dose-response functions for skeletal tissues.

Conclusions:

The proposed phantom subdivision and Monte Carlo calculation approach offer a viable solution for complex skeletal dose assessment.
The developed fluence-to-dose-response functions are essential for accurate radiogenic risk evaluation in bone.
This work supports the refinement of radiological protection standards for skeletal tissues, particularly concerning evolving ICRP guidelines.