Related Experiment Video
Updated: Jul 8, 2026
10:51
Reverse Yeast Two-hybrid System to Identify Mammalian Nuclear Receptor Residues that Interact with Ligands and/or Antagonists
Published on: November 15, 2013
[Gene regulation by steroid receptors]
1Laboratory of Nuclear Signaling, Institute of Molecular and Cellular Biosciences, The University of Tokyo.
Nihon Rinsho. Japanese Journal of Clinical Medicine
|January 15, 2008
Summary
Steroid hormone receptors control cell functions. While their basic mechanisms are understood, how they are regulated by tissues and external signals remains an active research area.
Area of Science:
- Molecular biology
- Endocrinology
- Genetics
Context:
- Steroid hormone receptors are crucial transcriptional factors regulating vital cellular processes.
- Recent advances include genome-wide identification of target genes and proteomic analysis of cofactors.
Purpose:
- To elucidate the molecular mechanisms of steroid hormone receptor function.
- To investigate the tissue-specific and extracellular signal-dependent regulation of these receptors.
Summary:
- Steroid hormone receptors, ligand-dependent transcriptional factors, regulate cell differentiation, proliferation, and homeostasis.
- Genome-wide and proteomic analyses have revealed many target genes and associated cofactors, clarifying ligand-dependent transactivation.
- The precise tissue-specific and extracellular signal-dependent regulation of these receptors requires further investigation.
Impact:
- Enhances understanding of gene regulation by steroid hormones.
- Provides a foundation for future research into complex regulatory networks.
- Contributes to the fields of molecular endocrinology and transcriptional regulation.
More Related Videos
Related Concept Videos
01:31Transducer Mechanism: Nuclear Receptors
Nuclear receptors, or NRs, are unique transcription factors that regulate gene transcription and affect the cellular pathways involved in reproduction, development, or metabolism. Their ability to be stimulated by small lipophilic ligands and control vital cellular processes makes them ideal drug targets. Nearly 10-15% of currently prescribed drugs target these receptors.
About 48 different soluble family members of nuclear receptors are identified that can be divided into two main classes:
About 48 different soluble family members of nuclear receptors are identified that can be divided into two main classes:
01:23Regulation of Expression at Multiple Steps
The gene expression in cells is regulated at different stages: (i) transcription, (ii) RNA processing, (iii) RNA localization, and (iv) translation. Transcriptional regulation is mediated by regulatory proteins such as transcription factors, activators, or repressors—these control gene expression by initiating or inhibiting the transcription of genes. Once a precursor or pre-mRNA is produced, it undergoes post-transcriptional modification, including 5' capping, splicing, and the addition of a...
01:31Internal Receptors
Many cellular signals are hydrophilic and therefore cannot pass through the plasma membrane. However, small or hydrophobic signaling molecules can cross the hydrophobic core of the plasma membrane and bind to internal, or intracellular, receptors that reside within the cell. Many mammalian steroid hormones use this mechanism of cell signaling, as does nitric oxide (NO) gas.
02:23Master Transcription Regulators
Master transcription regulators are regulatory proteins that are predominantly responsible for regulating the expression of multiple genes. Often these genes work in concert to drive a complex process. Activation of a master transcription regulator can lead to a cascade of transcriptional activation necessary for that outcome. These regulators can directly bind to the regulatory sequences of the various genes involved, or they can indirectly regulate transcription by binding to regulatory...
02:23Master Transcription Regulators
Master transcription regulators are regulatory proteins that are predominantly responsible for regulating the expression of multiple genes. Often these genes work in concert to drive a complex process. Activation of a master transcription regulator can lead to a cascade of transcriptional activation necessary for that outcome. These regulators can directly bind to the regulatory sequences of the various genes involved, or they can indirectly regulate transcription by binding to regulatory...
02:24Regulation of Expression Occurs at Multiple Steps
Gene expression can be regulated at almost every step from gene to protein. Transcription is the step that is most commonly regulated. This involves the binding of proteins to short regulatory sequences on the DNA. This association can either promote or inhibit the transcription of a gene associated with the respective sequence.
Transcription results in the generation of precursor (pre-mRNA) that consists of both exons and introns, which needs further processing before being translated to a...
Transcription results in the generation of precursor (pre-mRNA) that consists of both exons and introns, which needs further processing before being translated to a...