Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Chair Conformation of Cyclohexane02:02

Chair Conformation of Cyclohexane

The chair conformation is the most stable form of cyclohexane due to the absence of angle and torsional strain. The absence of angle strain is a result of cyclohexane’s bond angle being very close to the ideal tetrahedral bond angle of 109.5° in its chair conformer. Similarly, the torsional strain is also absent owing to the perfectly staggered arrangement of bonds.
The hydrogen atoms linked to carbons are arranged in two different axial and equatorial orientations to achieve this staggered...
Conformations of Cyclohexane02:11

Conformations of Cyclohexane

Cyclohexane does not exist in a planar form due to the high angle and torsional strain it would experience in the planar structure. Instead, it adopts non-planar chair and boat conformations.
The chair form is the most stable and derives its name from its resemblance to the “easy chair.” In the chair conformation, two carbon atoms are arranged out-of-plane — one above and one below, minimizing the torsional strain. In the chair form, the bond angle is very close to the ideal tetrahedral value,...
Stability of Substituted Cyclohexanes02:30

Stability of Substituted Cyclohexanes

This lesson discusses the stability of substituted cyclohexanes with a focus on energies of various conformers and the effect of 1,3-diaxial interactions.
The two chair conformations of cyclohexanes undergo rapid interconversion at room temperature. Both forms have identical energies and stabilities, each comprising equal amounts of the equilibrium mixture. Replacing a hydrogen atom with a functional group makes the two conformations energetically non-equivalent.
For example, in...
Aromatic Hydrocarbon Cations: Structural Overview01:18

Aromatic Hydrocarbon Cations: Structural Overview

Cycloheptatriene is a neutral monocyclic unsaturated hydrocarbon that consists of an odd number of carbon atoms and an intervening sp3 carbon in the ring. The three double bonds in the ring correspond to 6 π electrons, which is a Huckel number, and therefore satisfies the criteria of 4n + 2 π electrons. However, the intervening sp3 carbon disrupts the continuous overlap of p orbitals. As a result, cycloheptatriene is not aromatic.
Removing one hydrogen from the intervening CH2 group with both...
Radicals: Electronic Structure and Geometry01:07

Radicals: Electronic Structure and Geometry

This lesson delves into the geometry of a radical, which is influenced by the electronic structure of the molecule. The principle is similar to that of a lone pair, where the unpaired electron influences the geometry at the radical center.
Accordingly, the structure of a trivalent radical lies between the geometries of carbocations and carbanions. An sp2-hybridized carbocation is trigonal planar, while an sp3-hybridized carbanion is trigonal pyramidal. Here, the difference in geometry is...
Stereoisomerism of Cyclic Compounds02:33

Stereoisomerism of Cyclic Compounds

In this lesson, we delve into the role of ring conformation and its stability, which determines the spatial arrangement and, consequently, the molecular symmetry and stereoisomerism of cyclic compounds. 1,2-Dimethylcyclohexane is used as a case study to evaluate the possible number of stereoisomers. Here, given the multiple (n = 2) chiral centers, there are 2n = 4 possible configurations that lack a plane of symmetry, as the ring skeleton exists in a non-planar chair conformation. In addition,...

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

The Utility of Higher Pulsed Field Ablation Applications for Atrial Fibrillation Ablation.

Journal of cardiovascular electrophysiology·2026
Same author

The utility of high-frequency jet ventilation in pulsed field ablation for atrial fibrillation.

Journal of interventional cardiac electrophysiology : an international journal of arrhythmias and pacing·2026
Same author

Massive late device-related thrombus with watchman FLX left atrial appendage closure device two years after implantation: A case report.

Journal of cardiology cases·2026
Same author

Evaluating the Short- and Long-Term Outcomes of Laser Hair Removal for the Management of Pseudofolliculitis Barbae in a Military Population.

Military medicine·2026
Same author

Exploring Retention Among Army Nurses: A Qualitative Study.

The American journal of nursing·2025
Same author

Pediatric nurses' experiences caring for children and suspected offenders during maltreatment investigations: A hermeneutic phenomenological study.

Journal of pediatric nursing·2025

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jul 8, 2026

Preparation and Characterization of C60/Graphene Hybrid Nanostructures
08:40

Preparation and Characterization of C60/Graphene Hybrid Nanostructures

Published on: May 15, 2018

Stability of N18C6H6: triangular versus hexagonal structure.

Anthony Pinkston1, Deana McAdory, Jacqueline Jones

  • 1Department of Physical Sciences, Alabama State University, Montgomery, Alabama 36101, USA.

The Journal of Physical Chemistry. A
|January 16, 2008
PubMed
Summary

Large nitrogen cage molecules (Nx) with C-H substitutions show a preference for triangular, cylindrical structures over hexagonal, spherical ones. This study explores how substitution patterns affect the stability of these nitrogen cages.

More Related Videos

Construction and Systematical Symmetric Studies of a Series of Supramolecular Clusters with Binary or Ternary Ammonium Triphenylacetates
06:35

Construction and Systematical Symmetric Studies of a Series of Supramolecular Clusters with Binary or Ternary Ammonium Triphenylacetates

Published on: February 15, 2016

High-Contrast and Fast Photorheological Switching of a Twist-Bend Nematic Liquid Crystal
06:24

High-Contrast and Fast Photorheological Switching of a Twist-Bend Nematic Liquid Crystal

Published on: October 31, 2019

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Jul 8, 2026

Preparation and Characterization of C60/Graphene Hybrid Nanostructures
08:40

Preparation and Characterization of C60/Graphene Hybrid Nanostructures

Published on: May 15, 2018

Construction and Systematical Symmetric Studies of a Series of Supramolecular Clusters with Binary or Ternary Ammonium Triphenylacetates
06:35

Construction and Systematical Symmetric Studies of a Series of Supramolecular Clusters with Binary or Ternary Ammonium Triphenylacetates

Published on: February 15, 2016

High-Contrast and Fast Photorheological Switching of a Twist-Bend Nematic Liquid Crystal
06:24

High-Contrast and Fast Photorheological Switching of a Twist-Bend Nematic Liquid Crystal

Published on: October 31, 2019

Area of Science:

  • Computational Chemistry
  • Materials Science
  • Supramolecular Chemistry

Background:

  • Nitrogen cage molecules (Nx) exhibit a preference for cylindrical structures over spherical ones, attributed to electronic properties.
  • Previous studies focused on pure nitrogen cages; this work investigates the impact of substitutions.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To compare the stability of triangular (cylindrical) versus hexagonal (spherical) frameworks in nitrogen cages with C-H substitutions.
  • To analyze the influence of various substitution patterns on molecular stability.

Main Methods:

  • Theoretical calculations were performed on isomers of N18C6H6.
  • Hartree-Fock, Density Functional Theory (PBE1PBE), and MP2 perturbation theory were employed.
  • Correlation-consistent basis sets from Dunning were utilized.

Main Results:

  • The study determined the relative stability of triangular and hexagonal N18C6H6 isomers.
  • The effects of different substitution patterns on stability were evaluated for both structural types.
  • Stability trends within and between the two classes of molecules were calculated.

Conclusions:

  • The findings provide insights into the structural preferences of substituted nitrogen cages.
  • This research contributes to understanding the design principles for novel nitrogen-based materials.