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NSAIDs and breast cancer: a possible prevention and treatment strategy

A Agrawal1, I S Fentiman

  • 1Hedley Atkins Breast Unit, Guy's Hospital, London, UK.

International Journal of Clinical Practice
|January 16, 2008
PubMed
Abstract

Insights

Non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) may lower breast cancer risk by 20%. Further research is needed to determine optimal NSAID use for prevention and treatment in combination with other therapies.

Area of Science:

  • Oncology
  • Pharmacology

Background:

  • Non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) inhibit cyclooxygenase (COX), reducing prostaglandin synthesis.
  • Upregulated COX and prostaglandins are implicated in breast cancer development, suggesting a potential role for NSAIDs in prevention and treatment.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review epidemiological data on NSAIDs and breast cancer risk.
  • To examine interventional studies of NSAIDs in established breast cancer.

Main Methods:

  • Review of case-control and cohort studies on NSAID use and breast cancer risk.
  • Analysis of interventional studies involving NSAIDs in breast cancer patients.

Main Results:

  • NSAID use, particularly aspirin, is associated with a moderate reduction in breast cancer risk.
  • Aspirin may reduce risk of estrogen receptor-positive tumors, though results are heterogeneous.
  • NSAIDs showed potential in treating advanced breast cancer, but side effects like cardiotoxicity are a concern.
  • NSAID use after diagnosis was linked to reduced breast cancer and all-cause mortality.

Conclusions:

  • NSAIDs may offer up to a 20% reduction in breast cancer risk, but optimal usage parameters remain undefined.
  • NSAIDs could be valuable as adjuvant or palliative treatment for breast cancer, potentially in combination with endocrine therapies.

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