Immediate and long-term CT appearances following radiofrequency ablation of renal tumours

The incidence of renal cell carcinoma is increasing and image-guided radiofrequency ablation (RFA) is emerging as a safe and effective primary treatment. Therefore, it is essential for radiologists to appreciate the varied computed tomography (CT) imaging features following RFA. Prompt recognition of residual or recurrent tumour is crucial in facilitating timely re-treatment where necessary. Conversely, involuting, completely ablated lesions may be mistaken for residual disease. Using examples from experience of treating 105 renal tumours over a 5-year period, the spectrum of post-RFA CT appearances will be illustrated.