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Arteries of Lower Limbs

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The external iliac artery transitions out of the body cavity, entering the femoral region of the lower leg, and is renamed the femoral artery at the point where it traverses the body wall. This artery is responsible for the distribution of blood to the thigh's deep muscles and the skin's ventral and lateral regions, achieved through several minor branches and the lateral deep femoral artery, which also spawns a lateral circumflex artery. The knee area receives blood from the genicular artery,...

Peripheral Arterial Disease II: Clinical Manifestations and Diagnostic Evaluation

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Peripheral Artery Disease I: Introduction

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Veins of Lower Limbs

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jul 8, 2026

Methods for Acute and Subacute Murine Hindlimb Ischemia

Methods for Acute and Subacute Murine Hindlimb Ischemia

Published on: June 21, 2016

Bilateral persistent sciatic arteries complicated with acute left lower limb ischemia.

Hsuan-Yin Wu¹, Yu-Jen Yang, Chao-Han Lai

¹Division of Cardiovascular Surgery, Department of Surgery, Medical College, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan.

Journal of the Formosan Medical Association = Taiwan Yi Zhi

|January 16, 2008

Summary

Persistent sciatic artery (PSA) is a rare congenital condition. This case highlights successful surgical management of bilateral thrombosed aneurysms in a patient with lower extremity ischemia due to PSA.

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Area of Science:

Vascular Surgery
Congenital Malformations
Medical Imaging

Background:

Persistent sciatic artery (PSA) is a rare congenital anomaly resulting from the sciatic artery's failure to regress during embryonic development.
This condition can lead to lower extremity ischemia due to associated aneurysms or thromboembolic events.
PSA can be the dominant arterial inflow to the lower extremity, often accompanied by femoral arterial hypoplasia.

Observation:

A 79-year-old male presented with acute left lower extremity ischemia.
Initial computed tomographic angiography failed to identify bilateral PSA with thrombosed aneurysms.
Intraoperative findings revealed discontinuity of the superficial femoral and popliteal arteries during embolectomy.

Findings:

The patient was diagnosed intraoperatively with bilateral persistent sciatic artery with thrombosed aneurysms.
Successful management was achieved using an expanded polytetrafluoroethylene (ePTFE) graft bypass.
This case underscores the challenges in diagnosing PSA preoperatively.

Implications:

Accurate preoperative diagnosis of PSA is crucial for effective treatment planning.
Vigilant interpretation of vascular imaging studies can aid in identifying this rare anomaly.
Surgical intervention, such as bypass grafting, can successfully manage PSA-related complications like ischemia.