Search research articles

ABOUT JoVE

Overview Leadership Blog JoVE Help Center

AUTHORS

Publishing Process Editorial Board Scope & Policies Peer Review FAQ Submit

LIBRARIANS

Testimonials Subscriptions Access Resources Library Advisory Board FAQ

RESEARCH

JoVE Journal Methods Collections JoVE Encyclopedia of Experiments Archive

EDUCATION

JoVE Core JoVE Business JoVE Science Education JoVE Lab Manual Faculty Resource Center Faculty Site

Terms & Conditions of Use

Related Concept Videos

Local Anesthetics: Clinical Application as Intravenous Regional Anesthesia

Local Anesthetics: Clinical Application as Intravenous Regional Anesthesia

Intravenous regional anesthesia or the Bier block technique is used to anesthetize a specific limb or extremity. It uses exsanguinated or blood-drained vessels to transport local anesthetics or LAs to the peripheral nerve trunks. Lidocaine without vasoconstrictors like epinephrine is most commonly used for this technique. Other drugs used are prilocaine, ropivacaine, and chloroprocaine. Bupivacaine is not recommended for this technique due to its high cardiac toxicity.
One of the advantages of...

Parenteral Anesthetics: Overview

Parenteral Anesthetics: Overview

Intravenous anesthetics are drugs administered parenterally to induce anesthesia or sedation. Propofol is a widely used agent formulated as a 1% emulsion in soybean oil, glycerol, and egg phosphatide. It induces rapid anesthesia primarily due to its rapid distribution from the bloodstream to target tissues and is metabolized in the liver. However, it can cause significant pain on injection and hypertriglyceridemia. Fospropofol, a water-based prodrug of propofol, lacks these adverse effects.

General Anesthesia: Overview

General Anesthesia: Overview

Anesthesia is a medical procedure that uses drugs for CNS suppression to enable painless surgeries and procedures. The selection of anesthetics is influenced by their pharmacokinetic properties, side effects, and patient characteristics. Various types of anesthesia include general, local, regional, spinal, and inhalational.
General anesthesia induces unconsciousness in the whole body, while the others target specific areas or sensations. It is administered to minimize adverse effects, maintain...

Endoscopic Studies II: Thoracocentesis

Endoscopic Studies II: Thoracocentesis

Thoracentesis(Thoracocentesis), commonly known as pleural tap, is a medical procedure where a 22 gauge needle is inserted into the pleural space, the area between the lung and chest wall. This procedure is commonly performed to diagnose or treat various respiratory disorders.
Description
Excess pleural fluid or air may accumulate in some respiratory disorders in the thoracic cavity. To treat pleural effusion, a physician conducts thoracentesis by carefully piercing the chest wall and entering...

Local Anesthetics: Clinical Application as Spinal Anesthesia

Local Anesthetics: Clinical Application as Spinal Anesthesia

Spinal anesthetics are given during lower abdomen and limb surgeries to block sensory and motor neurons. They are administered in the mid to low lumbar regions, primarily acting on the cauda equina's nerve roots. The blockade level depends on the local anesthetic (LA) concentration. Usually, low LA concentrations are sufficient to block sensory fibers, while only high LA concentrations block motor fibers. Other factors like injection volume and speed, the patient's posture, and the drug...

Inhalational Anesthetics: Overview

Inhalational Anesthetics: Overview

Inhalation anesthetics are drugs that induce general anesthesia upon inhalation. They work by increasing the sensitivity of GABAA receptors or inhibiting NMDA receptors, leading to a decrease in central nervous system activity. The depth of anesthesia can be rapidly adjusted by changing the concentration of the inhaled gas. Some common examples of inhalational anesthetics include volatile liquids like isoflurane, desflurane, sevoflurane and gases like xenon and nitrous oxide. Isoflurane, a...

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by

Same journal

Morbidity and mortality from local anesthetics: localized and systemic toxicity.

Current opinion in anaesthesiology·2026

Same journal

Phrenic-sparing strategies for shoulder surgery: balancing respiratory safety and block completeness.

Current opinion in anaesthesiology·2026

Same journal

The evolution of nonoperating room anesthesia: navigating a new frontier.

Current opinion in anaesthesiology·2026

Same journal

Enhanced recovery pathways for patients with chronic pain: beyond standard protocols - a narrative review.

Current opinion in anaesthesiology·2026

Same journal

Novel technologies and innovations in postoperative follow-up after regional anesthesia.

Current opinion in anaesthesiology·2026

Same journal

Regional anaesthesia and analgesia in surgical patients with chronic preoperative pain: mechanisms, evidence, and clinical implications.

Current opinion in anaesthesiology·2026

Search research articles

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jul 8, 2026

Non-Intubated Video-Assisted Thoracoscopic Surgery

Non-Intubated Video-Assisted Thoracoscopic Surgery

Published on: May 26, 2023

Intravenous anesthesia for thoracic procedures.

Ron V Purugganan¹

¹University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Cardiothoracic Anesthesia Group, Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, Houston, Texas 77030, USA. rpurugga@mdanderson.org

Current Opinion in Anaesthesiology

|January 16, 2008

Summary

This summary is machine-generated.

Total intravenous anesthesia is preferred for thoracic surgeries when inhalational anesthetics are not feasible or safe. This technique offers advantages in non-ideal settings and for specific procedures like bronchoscopies.

More Related Videos

Local Anesthetic Thoracoscopy for Undiagnosed Pleural Effusion

Local Anesthetic Thoracoscopy for Undiagnosed Pleural Effusion

Published on: November 10, 2023

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Jul 8, 2026

Non-Intubated Video-Assisted Thoracoscopic Surgery

Non-Intubated Video-Assisted Thoracoscopic Surgery

Published on: May 26, 2023

Local Anesthetic Thoracoscopy for Undiagnosed Pleural Effusion

Local Anesthetic Thoracoscopy for Undiagnosed Pleural Effusion

Published on: November 10, 2023

Area of Science:

Anesthesiology
Thoracic Surgery
Critical Care Medicine

Background:

Intravenous anesthesia is an alternative to inhalational anesthesia for thoracic operations.
The choice of anesthesia impacts patient outcomes and procedural feasibility.

Purpose of the Study:

To review the rationale for using total intravenous anesthesia in thoracic surgery.
To discuss the drugs, equipment, and methods for total intravenous anesthesia.
To evaluate the advantages and indications of total intravenous anesthesia in thoracic procedures.

Main Methods:

Review of current literature on total intravenous anesthesia versus inhalational anesthesia for thoracic surgery.
Analysis of specific thoracic procedures where total intravenous anesthesia is indicated.
Discussion of anesthetic agents and monitoring techniques for total intravenous anesthesia.

Main Results:

Studies comparing total intravenous anesthesia and inhalational anesthesia for thoracic surgery are inconclusive regarding physiological advantages.
Total intravenous anesthesia is advantageous for procedures incompatible with inhalational anesthetic delivery.
Total intravenous anesthesia is beneficial in non-operating room settings and austere environments.

Conclusions:

Total intravenous anesthesia is indicated for endobronchial procedures, airway-disrupting surgeries, lung volume reduction, lung transplantation, and thymectomy.
It is safer and more practical for thoracic procedures outside the operating room.
Propofol, dexmedetomidine, ketamine, and remifentanil, with depth monitoring, are key agents. Target-controlled infusion is a future research focus.